Gaffan Nicolas, Kpozehouen Alphonse, Degbey Cyriaque, Glele Ahanhanzo Yolaine, Paraïso Moussiliou Noël
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Ouidah, Benin.
Department of Environmental Health, Regional Institute of Public Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Ouidah, Benin.
BMJ Public Health. 2025 Aug 14;3(2):e001527. doi: 10.1136/bmjph-2024-001527. eCollection 2025.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to conduct a scoping review of the factors associated with latrine utilisation by households. DESIGN: We performed a scoping review to determine the factors associated with household latrine utilisation. DATA SOURCES: We conducted a bibliographic search using PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Epistemonikos and Semantic Scholar until April 2023. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: The papers we included met the following criteria: the study population included members of households equipped with latrines, regardless of their status, excluding children under five; the study followed an observational design; the study design was quantitative; the manuscript was in either French or English; the study focused on factors associated with latrine utilisation; the study employed multivariate methods and the study manuscript was published in a peer-reviewed journal. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: We conducted a narrative synthesis of key results. RESULTS: This review selected 31 articles. The percentage of latrine utilisation spanned from 36.00% to 94.30%. Elderly individuals and those with lower educational attainment showed reduced latrine utilisation compared with younger and more educated people, respectively. Households without school-going children, those of larger size and those with lower economic status had less latrine utilisation than those with school-going children, smaller size and a higher wealth index. Some latrine attributes (age, level of household member involvement in construction, hand hygiene facilities, geographical accessibility, functionality, maintenance, cleanliness, type, superstructure, condition, etc) influenced latrine utilisation. Exposure to sanitation communication initiatives heightened the likelihood of latrine utilisation by individuals. CONCLUSION: The study stresses the importance of improving children's education and implementing poverty reduction initiatives to enable households to afford adequate sanitation facilities. It also suggests empowering communities to build suitable latrines, promoting community-based sanitation models and emphasising the need to raise awareness of the adverse effects of open defecation through educational campaigns.
目的：本研究旨在对与家庭厕所使用相关的因素进行范围综述。 设计：我们进行了一项范围综述，以确定与家庭厕所使用相关的因素。 数据来源：我们使用PubMed、谷歌学术、ScienceDirect、Epistemonikos和Semantic Scholar进行文献检索，截至2023年4月。 纳入标准：我们纳入的论文符合以下标准：研究人群包括配备厕所的家庭的成员，无论其状况如何，但不包括五岁以下儿童；研究采用观察性设计；研究设计为定量研究；手稿为法语或英语；研究关注与厕所使用相关的因素；研究采用多变量方法，且研究手稿发表在同行评审期刊上。 数据提取与综合：我们对关键结果进行了叙述性综合。 结果：本综述筛选出31篇文章。厕所使用率从36.00%到94.30%不等。与年轻人和受教育程度较高的人相比，老年人和受教育程度较低的人厕所使用率较低。没有上学儿童的家庭、规模较大的家庭以及经济状况较低的家庭的厕所使用率低于有上学儿童、规模较小且财富指数较高的家庭。一些厕所属性（使用年限、家庭成员参与建设的程度、手部卫生设施、地理可达性、功能、维护、清洁程度、类型、上层结构、状况等）影响厕所使用。接触卫生宣传倡议增加了个人使用厕所的可能性。 结论：该研究强调了改善儿童教育和实施减贫倡议以使家庭能够负担得起适当卫生设施的重要性。它还建议赋予社区权力以建造合适的厕所，推广基于社区的卫生模式，并强调通过教育活动提高对露天排便不良影响认识的必要性。
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