Naseri Sara, Sadeh Maryam, Fatahi-Bafghi Mehdi, Vakili Mahmood
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Int J Microbiol. 2025 Aug 9;2025:4694690. doi: 10.1155/ijm/4694690. eCollection 2025.
Bacterial infection is a considerable problem in hospitals. Thus, this study was executed to appraise the rampancy of bacterial infections, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and molecular characterization of isolates among patients in Bafgh Hospital in Yazd, Iran, in 2020. In the current study, we surveyed 103 isolates of 400 clinical specimens from early March 2020 to September 2020 in Bafgh Hospital. We assessed phenotypic traits and antibiotic resistance with standard microbiological methods. Phenotypic methods were also performed to identify extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in Gram-negative bacilli, inducible clindamycin resistance, and methicillin resistance in according to CLSI guidelines. Molecular identification of isolates was done by conventional PCR 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Furthermore, we investigated the prevalence of resistant genes including , , , , and in Gram-negative bacteria and the A gene in staphylococcal species. From 400 different clinical specimens, 103 isolates of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were isolated. Based on phenotypic and molecular methods, most common isolates were (53 isolates), followed by spp. (18 isolates), and (16 isolates). The highest resistance was found in Gram-positive bacteria to erythromycin (66.67%) and penicillin (55.56%), while considering Gram-negative bacteria, the most resistant was cefixime (49.41%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (47.05%). In addition, out of 16 isolates, 62.5% and 17.65% were resistant to methicillin and clindamycin, respectively. Among 83 Gram-negative isolates, 22.89% were ESBL-positive. The prevalence of , , , , and genes was 78.31%, 59.03%, 40.96%, 30.12%, and 0%, respectively. The outbreak of bacterial infections is relatively high in hospitals. Recognizing risk agents for bacterial infections and restricting the administration of multidrug-resistant antibiotics is a substantial measure that must be taken to prevent patient mortality.
细菌感染是医院中一个相当严重的问题。因此，本研究旨在评估2020年伊朗亚兹德巴夫格医院患者中细菌感染的猖獗程度、抗菌药物敏感性模式以及分离株的分子特征。在本研究中，我们于2020年3月初至9月在巴夫格医院对400份临床标本中的103株分离株进行了调查。我们采用标准微生物学方法评估表型特征和抗生素耐药性。还根据CLSI指南采用表型方法鉴定革兰氏阴性杆菌中的超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）、诱导型克林霉素耐药性和耐甲氧西林情况。通过常规PCR 16S rRNA基因测序对分离株进行分子鉴定。此外，我们调查了革兰氏阴性菌中耐药基因包括、、、、和的流行情况以及葡萄球菌属中的A基因。从400份不同的临床标本中，分离出103株革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌。基于表型和分子方法，最常见的分离株是（53株），其次是 spp.（18株）和（16株）。革兰氏阳性菌对红霉素（66.67%）和青霉素（55.56%）的耐药性最高，而对于革兰氏阴性菌，耐药性最高的是头孢克肟（49.41%）和甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑（47.05%）。此外，在16株分离株中，分别有62.5%和17.65%对甲氧西林和克林霉素耐药。在83株革兰氏阴性分离株中，22.89%为ESBL阳性。、、、、和基因的流行率分别为78.31%、59.03%、40.96%、30.12%和0%。医院中细菌感染的爆发率相对较高。识别细菌感染的风险因素并限制多药耐药抗生素的使用是预防患者死亡必须采取的一项重要措施。
