Korol Yevgeniya, Collins Paddy, Gallegos Juan Reynaldo, Hollis Stacey, Hölscher Dirk, Huinga Manuel, Kirkby Christopher, Gerber Nina
Tropical Silviculture and Forest Ecology University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany.
Fauna Forever Puerto Maldonado Madre de Dios Peru.
Ecol Evol. 2025 Aug 15;15(8):e71997. doi: 10.1002/ece3.71997. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Agroforests offer potential for biodiversity conservation through a land-sharing approach. However, it remains uncertain whether they can support medium-sized and large forest-dependent terrestrial mammals. We evaluated the diversity and activity patterns of such mammals in agroforests and natural forests in the northern buffer zone of the Tambopata National Reserve in the Peruvian Amazon. For agroforests specifically, we examined the influence of connectivity to the core zone of the reserve, vegetation structure and human presence on mammal diversity and activity. In total, 21 species were recorded using camera traps. Agroforests supported 15 species, significantly fewer than neighbouring forests. Five of the seven threatened species were found exclusively in forests. Nonetheless, one third of the recorded species exhibited similar or higher trapping rates in agroforests, with showing rates up to 6.3 times higher than in forests. The diurnality index across cathemeral species was significantly higher in agroforests adjacent to the protected area and marginally so in forests. In agroforests, mammal diversity increased with greater tree DBH, canopy cover and taller understorey vegetation. The trapping rate of also increased with total tree species richness. Agroforests along the Tambopata River can thus support a substantial number of medium-sized and large terrestrial mammals. However, forests remain critical for conserving mammal species richness, particularly for those of urgent conservation concern. Enhanced vegetation structure in agroforests-particularly larger trees, a denser canopy, and taller understorey vegetation-can increase their value as a habitat for medium-sized and large forest-dependent terrestrial mammals.
农林复合系统通过土地共享的方式为生物多样性保护提供了潜力。然而，它们是否能够支持中型和大型依赖森林的陆地哺乳动物仍不确定。我们评估了秘鲁亚马逊地区坦博帕塔国家保护区北部缓冲区的农林复合系统和天然林中此类哺乳动物的多样性及活动模式。具体针对农林复合系统，我们研究了与保护区核心区的连通性、植被结构和人类活动对哺乳动物多样性及活动的影响。使用相机陷阱总共记录了21个物种。农林复合系统中有15个物种，明显少于相邻森林。7种受威胁物种中有5种仅在森林中被发现。尽管如此，三分之一的记录物种在农林复合系统中的捕获率相似或更高，其中 显示出比在森林中高出6.3倍的捕获率。在与保护区相邻的农林复合系统中，昼夜活动物种的昼夜指数显著更高，在森林中则略高。在农林复合系统中，哺乳动物多样性随着树木胸径、树冠覆盖度和下层植被高度的增加而增加。 的捕获率也随着树木物种丰富度的增加而增加。因此，坦博帕塔河沿岸的农林复合系统能够支持大量中型和大型陆地哺乳动物。然而，森林对于保护哺乳动物物种丰富度仍然至关重要，特别是对于那些急需保护的物种。农林复合系统中增强的植被结构——特别是更大的树木、更密集的树冠和更高的下层植被——可以增加它们作为中型和大型依赖森林的陆地哺乳动物栖息地的价值。
