Grunewald Sonja, Hempel Conrad, Schnabel Viktor
Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Ph.-Rosenthal-Str. 23, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
Dermatologie (Heidelb). 2025 Aug 18. doi: 10.1007/s00105-025-05562-5.
Ex vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy is a modern diagnostic tool that enables rapid microscopic evaluation of freshly excised skin samples without tissue loss. By combining reflectance and fluorescence imaging with digital staining algorithms, the technique produces section images that closely resemble conventional hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. In dermatological practice, it is primarily used for the diagnosis and margin assessment of basal cell carcinomas. The method also shows promise for squamous cell carcinomas, its precursors, and inflammatory dermatoses. Current limitations include the assessment of pigmented lesions and the differentiation of inflammatory cell infiltrates. Future developments such as artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted image analysis or fluorescence-labeled antibodies could further expand its range of applications.
体外共聚焦激光扫描显微镜是一种现代诊断工具，能够对新鲜切除的皮肤样本进行快速显微镜评估，而不会造成组织损失。通过将反射率和荧光成像与数字染色算法相结合，该技术生成的切片图像与传统苏木精-伊红（HE）染色非常相似。在皮肤科实践中，它主要用于基底细胞癌的诊断和切缘评估。该方法对鳞状细胞癌、其前驱病变和炎症性皮肤病也显示出应用前景。目前的局限性包括对色素沉着病变的评估以及炎症细胞浸润的鉴别。人工智能（AI）辅助图像分析或荧光标记抗体等未来发展可能会进一步扩大其应用范围。
