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马铃薯双重繁殖的分子机制

Molecular Mechanisms of Dual Potato Reproduction.

作者信息

Kasprzewska Ania, Basińska-Barczak Aneta

机构信息

Department of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland.

Department of Integrative Plant Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland.

出版信息

Physiol Plant. 2025 Jul-Aug;177(4):e70451. doi: 10.1111/ppl.70451.

Abstract

Changing environmental conditions caused by global warming threaten potato cultivation due to its sensitivity to both heat and drought. Unfortunately, classic potato breeding is slow to generate varieties that, whereas maintaining good yields, are resistant to unfavourable climatic conditions. Therefore, attempts are underway to create new potato varieties that can be grown from true seeds. However, this requires knowledge of flowering regulation in potatoes, because many cultivars that could be valuable parental lines do not flower. Although the molecular mechanisms regulating tuberisation are well-characterised, our knowledge concerning flowering in potato is scarce. In this review, based on existing data for Solanaceae plants, we propose that the CONSTANS-mediated photoperiodic regulatory pathway has been hijacked and adapted by the tuberisation process. We also indicate that potato plants have acquired alternative endogenous pathways related to plant ageing, sucrose availability or gibberellin signalling to induce flowering. We anticipate that, upon further experimental verification, the proposed mechanism may contribute to future progress in potato breeding and propagation.

摘要

全球变暖导致的环境条件变化威胁着马铃薯种植,因为马铃薯对高温和干旱都很敏感。不幸的是,传统的马铃薯育种培育出既保持高产又能抵抗不利气候条件的品种的速度很慢。因此,人们正在尝试培育可通过真种子种植的新马铃薯品种。然而,这需要了解马铃薯的开花调控,因为许多可能有价值的亲本系品种不开花。尽管调控块茎形成的分子机制已得到充分表征,但我们对马铃薯开花的了解却很少。在本综述中,基于茄科植物的现有数据,我们提出CONSTANS介导的光周期调控途径已被块茎形成过程劫持并适应。我们还指出,马铃薯植株已获得与植物衰老、蔗糖可用性或赤霉素信号传导相关的替代内源途径来诱导开花。我们预计,经过进一步的实验验证,所提出的机制可能有助于马铃薯育种和繁殖的未来进展。

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