Bossus Lison, Dickson Jess, Blaine Camille, Khalilkhani Hasti, Khan Ahsan, Oathes Desmond J
University of Pennsylvania.
Res Sq. 2025 Aug 11:rs.3.rs-7158945. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7158945/v1.
Here we employed interleaved single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation with functional MRI (spTMS/fMRI) to generate causal activation maps targeting the left hemisphere according to two sets of personalized resting connectivity targeting approaches in over 80 participants. Voxelwise event-related fMRI BOLD maps quantified TMS-evoked brain responses to each stimulation site. Group-level maps controlled for head motion, scalp discomfort, and somatosensory effects, ensuring specificity of the intended brain responses to stimulation. Stimulation of frontal regions targeting the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) induced BOLD responses in the sgACC and modulated distributed cortical and subcortical regions. Similarly, ventrolateral targets led to an average negative BOLD response in the amygdala target and numerous other distributed brain regions. ROI-based analyses revealed no significant group differences (depressed vs. healthy control) in evoked responses within the sgACC or amygdala. These results validate that image-guided TMS can causally engage distributed brain regions, supporting its utility for circuit and network-based neuromodulation. The publicly available causal connectivity maps might be used to guide future research linking cortical circuit maps with fMRI and/or behavioral outcomes.
在此，我们采用了功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）结合的交错单脉冲经颅磁刺激（spTMS/fMRI），根据两组个性化静息连接靶向方法，在80多名参与者中生成针对左半球的因果激活图谱。体素水平的事件相关fMRI血氧水平依赖（BOLD）图谱量化了TMS诱发的每个刺激部位的脑反应。组水平图谱控制了头部运动、头皮不适和体感效应，确保了预期脑反应对刺激的特异性。刺激靶向膝下前扣带回皮质（sgACC）的额叶区域在sgACC中诱发了BOLD反应，并调节了分布广泛的皮质和皮质下区域。同样，腹外侧靶点在杏仁核靶点及许多其他分布广泛的脑区导致了平均负性BOLD反应。基于感兴趣区（ROI）的分析显示，sgACC或杏仁核内诱发反应在抑郁组与健康对照组之间无显著组间差异。这些结果证实，图像引导的TMS可因果性地激活分布广泛的脑区，支持其在基于回路和网络的神经调节中的应用。公开可用的因果连接图谱可能用于指导未来将皮质回路图谱与fMRI和/或行为结果联系起来的研究。
