Picado C
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1985 Sep-Oct;13(5):435-7.
"Status Asthmaticus" is an old term which has been defined in many different ways. Two distinctive features are usually used to identify "Status Asthmaticus": severity and lack of response to bronchodilators. However, the latter condition is not always observed and thus the term "Status Asthmaticus" basically implies severity. "Severe acute asthma" is a new term which has replaced "Status Asthmaticus". Nevertheless, a severe attack of asthma may occur suddenly or can take place after days or weeks of a progressive deterioration. A "Status Asthmaticus" can be "acute" or "subacute" according to the rate of deterioration; therefore the term "Severe acute asthma" is misleading. Since the term "Status Asthmaticus" essentially implies severity, severe attacks would be better described as "Severe exacerbation of asthma" (SEA). Classification of the SEA into two types (acute and subacute), could help to reveal the etiology of the attack and might also be relevant to the management of the patient. For instance an acute SEA can be seen in brittle asthma and in patients with aspirin intolerance. On the other hand, patients with the subacute form are refractory to bronchodilators and must be treated with corticosteroids.
“哮喘持续状态”是一个古老的术语,其定义方式多种多样。通常用两个显著特征来识别“哮喘持续状态”:严重程度和对支气管扩张剂无反应。然而,后一种情况并非总是出现,因此“哮喘持续状态”这个术语基本上意味着严重程度。“重度急性哮喘”是一个取代了“哮喘持续状态”的新术语。然而,严重的哮喘发作可能突然发生,也可能在数天或数周的病情逐渐恶化之后出现。根据恶化速度,“哮喘持续状态”可分为“急性”或“亚急性”;因此,“重度急性哮喘”这个术语具有误导性。由于“哮喘持续状态”这个术语本质上意味着严重程度,严重发作更宜描述为“哮喘严重恶化”(SEA)。将SEA分为两种类型(急性和亚急性),有助于揭示发作的病因,也可能与患者的治疗相关。例如,急性SEA可见于脆性哮喘和阿司匹林不耐受的患者。另一方面,亚急性形式的患者对支气管扩张剂无效,必须用皮质类固醇治疗。