Wang Zhiyi, Wang Jinyan, Shi Baolong, Wu Tianbei, Wang Jingjie, Hu Shujuan
Key Laboratory of Climate Resource Development and Disaster Prevention in Gansu Province, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Environ Geochem Health. 2025 Aug 20;47(10):402. doi: 10.1007/s10653-025-02705-4.
Adverse effect PM on ischemic stroke (IS) has been proved in previous studies. However, previous studies have mostly been conducted in eastern China (humid region), the health impacts of specific particulate matter constituents on IS, particularly in arid, semi-arid, and semi humid regions, remain poorly understood. We conducted a time-series study across nine districts in Gansu Province from 2015 to 2021 to evaluate the associations between short-term exposure to PM chemical components-including sulfate (SO), nitrate (NO), ammonium (NH), organic matter (OM), and black carbon (BC)-and hospital admissions for ischemic stroke. Generalized additive models were applied to estimate relative risks (RRs) of IS hospital admissions, with subgroup analyses by age, sex, and living region. Our findings demonstrated that short-term exposure to PM and its constituents was associated with increased IS hospitalization, with the strongest associations observed on lag 0 (ions constituents) and lag 7 days (carbon-containing components). For subgroup analysis, female and individuals aged ≥ 65 years were more sensitive to PM and its constituents. Regional analyses revealed that semi-arid region residents experienced the highest risks, while semi humid region showed relatively lower health impacts. Among all the components, NO revealed the strongest health effect. These results suggested that specific PM constituents contribute to acute IS risks, with notable variation across demographic and geographic subgroups. Our study provides critical evidence on the cardiovascular health effects of PM components in arid and semi-arid area around the world, underscoring the need for public health interventions and pollution mitigation strategies to protect vulnerable populations.
先前的研究已证实颗粒物（PM）对缺血性中风（IS）有不良影响。然而，先前的研究大多在中国东部（湿润地区）进行，特定颗粒物成分对缺血性中风的健康影响，尤其是在干旱、半干旱和半湿润地区，仍知之甚少。我们在2015年至2021年期间对甘肃省九个地区进行了一项时间序列研究，以评估短期暴露于PM化学成分（包括硫酸盐（SO）、硝酸盐（NO）、铵（NH）、有机物（OM）和黑碳（BC））与缺血性中风住院之间的关联。应用广义相加模型估计缺血性中风住院的相对风险（RRs），并按年龄、性别和居住地区进行亚组分析。我们的研究结果表明，短期暴露于PM及其成分与缺血性中风住院人数增加有关，在滞后0天（离子成分）和滞后7天（含碳成分）观察到最强的关联。亚组分析显示，女性和年龄≥65岁的个体对PM及其成分更敏感。区域分析表明，半干旱地区居民面临的风险最高，而半湿润地区对健康的影响相对较低。在所有成分中，NO对健康的影响最强。这些结果表明，特定的PM成分会导致急性缺血性中风风险，不同人口统计学和地理亚组之间存在显著差异。我们的研究为全球干旱和半干旱地区PM成分对心血管健康的影响提供了关键证据，强调需要采取公共卫生干预措施和污染缓解策略来保护弱势群体。
