Rantio-Lehtimäki A
Allergy. 1985;40 Suppl 3:17-20.
Most inviable spore counts of outdoor air in Europe are based on Burkard spore trap results. For viable counts different kinds of slit samplers and Andersen sampler are used. Results of viable and inviable sampling methods are not completely comparable, but the results complete each other. Spore frequencies in outdoor air are almost equal in different Nordic countries. Cladosporium is the most important spore type everywhere. In South Finland it accounts for ca. 85% of viable and ca. 50% inviable spore counts. The frequencies are lower in the country than in town. Cladosporium frequencies decrease northwards so that in Lapland the percentage is only ca. 5 and the maxima are 1/4-1/5 of those in South Finland. The frequencies of Alternaria spores are 4-5 times lower in Nordic countries than in Middle Europe. E.g. in Turku weekly maxima have been ca. 250 spores X m-3, in the country even lower. Penicillium accounts for ca. 4% of all colonies in viable counts in South Finland, Botrytis 2%, and yeasts also ca. 2%. The most important yeasts are Cryptococcus albidus, Cr. laurentii, Sporobolomyces roseus and Rhodotorula species. Actinomycetes very seldom occur on culture plates, only 0.02% of all.
欧洲室外空气中大多数不可培养孢子计数是基于伯卡德孢子捕捉器的结果。对于可培养计数，则使用不同类型的狭缝采样器和安德森采样器。可培养和不可培养采样方法的结果并非完全可比，但二者结果相互补充。北欧不同国家室外空气中的孢子频率几乎相等。枝孢属是各地最重要的孢子类型。在芬兰南部，它约占可培养孢子计数的85%和约50%的不可培养孢子计数。农村地区的频率低于城镇。枝孢属的频率向北递减，以至于在拉普兰该比例仅约为5%，其最大值是芬兰南部的1/4 - 1/5。北欧国家链格孢属孢子的频率比中欧低4 - 5倍。例如，在图尔库，每周最大值约为250个孢子×立方米⁻³，在农村地区甚至更低。在芬兰南部，青霉属在可培养计数的所有菌落中约占4%，葡萄孢属占2%，酵母也约占2%。最重要的酵母是浅白隐球酵母、罗伦隐球酵母、粉红掷孢酵母和红酵母属。放线菌在培养平板上很少出现，仅占全部的0.02%。
