异氟烷和氟烷用于小儿门诊短小手术的诱导和苏醒特征

Induction and recovery characteristics of isoflurane and halothane anaesthesia for short outpatient operations in children.

作者信息

Pandit U A, Steude G M, Leach A B

出版信息

Anaesthesia. 1985 Dec;40(12):1226-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1985.tb10665.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1985.tb10665.x

Abstract

Induction and recovery characteristics of isoflurane anaesthesia were compared with halothane anaesthesia during outpatient myringotomy and placement of Sheely ventilation tubes in 101 unpremedicated children. Compared with halothane, isoflurane resulted in prolonged induction times and inferior induction scores due to increased salivation, coughing, breathholding and laryngospasm. However, when modified by halothane induction, isoflurane anaesthesia decreased induction time and improved induction scores. Induction with thiamylal 4 mg/kg did not improve induction scores significantly. Recovery times from halothane plus isoflurane and pure isoflurane anaesthesia were quicker than pure halothane and thiamylal plus isoflurane, although this was not statistically significant. Compared to halothane, anaesthetic induction using isoflurane is associated with an increased incidence of respiratory problems in unpremedicated children.

摘要

在101例未使用术前药的儿童进行门诊鼓膜切开术及置入希利通气管插管期间，对异氟烷麻醉与氟烷麻醉的诱导和苏醒特征进行了比较。与氟烷相比，异氟烷导致诱导时间延长且诱导评分较差，原因是流涎、咳嗽、屏气和喉痉挛增加。然而，当用氟烷诱导进行改良时，异氟烷麻醉缩短了诱导时间并改善了诱导评分。用硫喷妥钠4mg/kg诱导并未显著改善诱导评分。氟烷加异氟烷和单纯异氟烷麻醉的苏醒时间比单纯氟烷和硫喷妥钠加异氟烷更快，尽管这在统计学上并不显著。与氟烷相比，在未使用术前药的儿童中使用异氟烷进行麻醉诱导与呼吸问题发生率增加有关。