Looney J, Kautz-Turnbull C, Rockhold M N, Speybroeck E, Myers J, Petrenko C L M
Mt. Hope Family Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
Adv Neurodev Disord. 2025 Jun;9(2):229-240. doi: 10.1007/s41252-025-00443-3. Epub 2025 Apr 23.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are a set of neurodevelopmental differences associated with prenatal exposure to alcohol. Emotion regulation is a core challenge often seen in FASD. The ability to recognize and label emotional experiences, as well as parent response to emotion, is important in the development of emotion regulation, yet little is known about these constructs in young children with FASD.
To develop and pilot the Qualitative Emotion Interview (QEI), a novel interview-based measure assessing children's experiences and understanding of their own emotions and their caregivers' responses to their emotion, in young children with FASD.
Participants were 53 children with FASD aged 4-12 and their caregivers. Data came from the baseline timepoint of a larger intervention trial. Children completed a QEI; caregivers completed interview, self-report, and observation-based measures of parent emotion socialization. Preliminary qualitative themes emerged during coding. Correlational analyses examined relationships between parent-report measures and coded QEIs.
The QEI coding manual was successfully developed and piloted, resulting in two subscales: Emotion Awareness and Parent Response. Qualitative results indicated children with FASD had difficulty recognizing and expressing their emotional experiences and their caregivers' responses. Quantitative analyses indicated older children had greater awareness of their emotions. Additionally, greater emotion awareness and higher satisfaction with caregiver response to emotion were generally associated with more positive caregiver emotion socialization behaviors.
The QEI is a promising method of understanding the emotional experiences of young children with FASD, and may be useful for other populations.
胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）是一组与产前酒精暴露相关的神经发育差异。情绪调节是FASD中常见的核心挑战。识别和标记情绪体验的能力，以及父母对情绪的反应，在情绪调节的发展中很重要，但对于患有FASD的幼儿在这些方面的了解却很少。
开发并试行定性情绪访谈（QEI），这是一种基于访谈的新型测量方法，用于评估患有FASD的幼儿对自身情绪的体验和理解以及其照顾者对其情绪的反应。
参与者为53名年龄在4至12岁的患有FASD的儿童及其照顾者。数据来自一项更大规模干预试验的基线时间点。儿童完成了QEI；照顾者完成了关于父母情绪社会化的访谈、自我报告和基于观察的测量。编码过程中出现了初步的定性主题。相关分析检验了父母报告测量与编码后的QEI之间的关系。
成功开发并试行QEI编码手册，产生了两个子量表：情绪意识和父母反应。定性结果表明，患有FASD的儿童在识别和表达自己的情绪体验以及照顾者的反应方面存在困难。定量分析表明，年龄较大的儿童对自己的情绪有更高的认知。此外，更高的情绪意识和对照顾者情绪反应的更高满意度通常与更积极的照顾者情绪社会化行为相关。
QEI是一种很有前景的方法，可用于了解患有FASD的幼儿的情绪体验，并且可能对其他人群也有用。
