Li Jinan, Yang Michelle, Zhao Bo
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2025 Aug 6;19:1636500. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2025.1636500. eCollection 2025.
Aminoglycosides are widely used to treat severe infections. However, systemically administered AGs preferentially kill cochlear hair cells, resulting in irreversible hearing loss. Recently, we found that AGs induce a rapid translocation of RIPOR2 in hair cells, a process that relies on functional mechanotransduction, subsequently dysregulates the autophagy/mitophagy pathway, and ultimately leads to irreversible hair cell death. Recent studies found that AGs also trigger rapid phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization in hair cells, probably by activating the scramblase activity of TMC1/2, which are the pore-forming subunits of the mechanotransduction channel. To determine whether AG-triggered rapid RIPOR2 translocation and PS externalization are independent, RIPOR2 translocation and PS externalization were extensively investigated in wild-type hair cells treated with AG for different amounts of time. Next, the potential effect of PS externalization on RIPOR2 translocation in hair cells was studied. Finally, we investigated the extent to which cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug that shares several pathological features of ototoxicity with AGs, affects PS externalization and RIPOR2 localization in hair cells. Our results suggest that AG triggers RIPOR2 translocation and PS externalization by independent mechanisms, and that cisplatin and AGs induce hair cell death via distinct molecular pathways.
氨基糖苷类药物被广泛用于治疗严重感染。然而,全身给药的氨基糖苷类药物会优先杀死耳蜗毛细胞,导致不可逆的听力损失。最近,我们发现氨基糖苷类药物会诱导毛细胞中RIPOR2的快速转位,这一过程依赖于功能性机械转导,随后会破坏自噬/线粒体自噬途径,最终导致不可逆的毛细胞死亡。最近的研究发现,氨基糖苷类药物还会触发毛细胞中磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)的快速外化,可能是通过激活机械转导通道的成孔亚基TMC1/2的翻转酶活性。为了确定氨基糖苷类药物引发的快速RIPOR2转位和PS外化是否相互独立,我们对用氨基糖苷类药物处理不同时间的野生型毛细胞中的RIPOR2转位和PS外化进行了广泛研究。接下来,研究了PS外化对毛细胞中RIPOR2转位的潜在影响。最后,我们研究了顺铂(一种与氨基糖苷类药物具有若干耳毒性病理特征的化疗药物)在多大程度上影响毛细胞中的PS外化和RIPOR2定位。我们的结果表明,氨基糖苷类药物通过独立机制触发RIPOR2转位和PS外化,并且顺铂和氨基糖苷类药物通过不同的分子途径诱导毛细胞死亡。
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