Wei Zixi, Xu Lei, Yang Jiaqi, Schroyen Martine, Jiang Xianren, Cui Sheng, Li Xilong, Pi Yu
Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Animal Sciences, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium.
J Anim Sci. 2025 Jan 4;103. doi: 10.1093/jas/skaf277.
This study determined the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) of corn, barley, and wheat bran in primiparous sows. Four physiological stages of primiparous sows were examined: a gestation stage where sows were restricted-fed, a lactation stage where sows were fed ad libitum, and then two post-weaning stages, an ad libitum-fed phase followed by a restricted-fed phase. A total of 8 primiparous sows fitted with T-cannulas in the distal ileum were assigned to an 8 × 3 Youden square design with 4 diets (corn, barley, wheat bran, and nitrogen [N]-free diet) and three periods, resulting in a total of 6 replicates per treatment. The basal endogenous losses of CP and AA were determined after feeding an N-free diet. For barley, the AID of His, Ile, Lys, and Thr was higher in gestating sows compared to restricted-fed post-weaning sows. For wheat bran, the AID of Ile, Leu, Thr, Val, Ala, Asp, Glu, Gly, Ser, and Tyr was higher in lactating sows compared to gestating sows (P < 0.05). For corn, the AID of CP and most AA did not differ across physiological states. Regarding the SID of barley in gestating sows, only the SID of His was higher than in lactating sows and restricted-fed post-weaning sows (P < 0.01), and the SID of Gly was higher than in lactating sows (P < 0.05). For wheat bran, the SID of Glu, Ser, and Tyr in gestating sows was lower than in lactating sows (P < 0.01). The SID of Val and Tyr in lactating sows was higher than in ad libitum access post-weaning sows (P < 0.05). For corn, the SID of Lys, Ala, and Gly in gestating sows was higher than in lactating sows (P < 0.05). The SID of Ile, Lys, Phe, Thr, and Ala in gestating sows was higher than in ad libitum post-weaning sows (P < 0.05). The findings indicate that similar SID values are found for barley in different physiological stages of primiparous sows under the same diet and feed regime, whether ad libitum or restricted. However, for wheat bran, which has a high fiber content, lactating sows exhibited higher AID values and SID values compared to gestating sows for part of AA. For corn, which has a low fiber content, gestating sows exhibited higher SID values compared to lactating sows and ad libitum post-weaning sows.
本研究测定了初产母猪日粮中玉米、大麦和麦麸的粗蛋白（CP）和氨基酸（AA）的表观回肠消化率（AID）和标准回肠消化率（SID）。研究考察了初产母猪的四个生理阶段：妊娠期母猪限饲阶段、哺乳期母猪自由采食阶段，以及两个断奶后阶段，即自由采食阶段后接限饲阶段。总共8头在回肠末端安装了T型瘘管的初产母猪被分配到一个8×3的尤登方设计中，有4种日粮（玉米、大麦、麦麸和无氮日粮）和3个时期，每个处理共有6个重复。在饲喂无氮日粮后测定CP和AA的基础内源损失。对于大麦，妊娠母猪组中组氨酸（His）、异亮氨酸（Ile）、赖氨酸（Lys）和苏氨酸（Thr）的AID高于断奶后限饲母猪组。对于麦麸，哺乳母猪组中Ile、亮氨酸（Leu）、Thr、缬氨酸（Val）、丙氨酸（Ala）、天冬氨酸（Asp）、谷氨酸（Glu）、甘氨酸（Gly）、丝氨酸（Ser）和酪氨酸（Tyr）的AID高于妊娠母猪组（P<0.05）。对于玉米，CP和大多数AA的AID在不同生理状态下无差异。关于妊娠母猪组大麦的SID，只有His的SID高于哺乳母猪组和断奶后限饲母猪组（P<×0.01），Gly的SID高于哺乳母猪组（P<0.05）。对于麦麸，妊娠母猪组中Glu、Ser和Tyr的SID低于哺乳母猪组（P<0.01）。哺乳母猪组中Val和Tyr的SID高于断奶后自由采食母猪组（P<0.05）。对于玉米，妊娠母猪组中Lys、Ala和Gly的SID高于哺乳母猪组（P<0.05）。妊娠母猪组中Ile、Lys、苯丙氨酸（Phe）、Thr和Ala的SID高于断奶后自由采食母猪组（P<0.05）。研究结果表明，在相同日粮和饲喂方式下，无论是自由采食还是限饲，初产母猪不同生理阶段大麦的SID值相似。然而，对于纤维含量高的麦麸，部分AA的AID值和SID值在哺乳母猪组高于妊娠母猪组。对于纤维含量低的玉米，妊娠母猪组的SID值高于哺乳母猪组和断奶后自由采食母猪组。
