Wang Mingjun, Guo Jianbin, Jin Gaorui, Yang Taihua, Chen Weigang, Chen Yuning, Huang Li, Luo Huaiyong, Zhou Xiaojing, Liao Boshou, Jiang Huifang, Liu Nian, Lei Yong
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2025 Aug 22;138(9):223. doi: 10.1007/s00122-025-05000-z.
A novel large-effect QTL qPCB03 for protein concentration was identified, and a KASP marker linked to qPCB03 was developed and validated to enhance protein concentration by 1.23 to 1.57 percentage points in the RIL populations. Peanut is a vital source of protein for humans, playing a key role in maintaining a steady protein supply. In this study, the high-protein cultivar Zhonghua6 (29.14 ± 1.69%) was crossed with Xuhua13 (24.55 ± 1.84%) to construct a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. The protein concentration of the RIL population exhibited significant variation, ranging from 21.05 to 30.28%. To discover genomic regions associated with protein concentration, four libraries were constructed (two parents and two extreme bulks) for bulked segregant sequencing (BSA-seq). The results revealed significant associations between protein concentration and the genomic regions on chromosomes A07, A10, B03, and B10. Through linkage analysis, nine QTLs (quantitative trait loci) for protein concentration were identified, among which the large-effect and stable QTL qPCB03 on chromosome B03 (125.92-127.94 Mb) explained 11.03-12.86% of the phenotypic variation. This QTL (qPCB03), simultaneously identified by both BSA-Seq and linkage mapping, had not been documented in prior studies. Within the ~ 2 Mb interval of qPCB03, a total of 349 genomic variants were discovered, including six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that resulted in nonsynonymous mutations in six genes. Based on genomic variants of the target region, KASP markers were developed and validated in 147 peanut varieties exhibiting variable seed protein concentration. According to the marker-assisted selection, favorable genotypes could potentially enhance protein concentration by 1.23-1.57 percentage points in the RIL populations. The identification of stable loci and the development of markers facilitate marker-assisted breeding in peanuts, while the discovery of candidate genes lays the groundwork for the fine mapping of key genes regulating protein concentration.
鉴定出一个控制蛋白质含量的新型大效应QTL qPCB03，并开发并验证了一个与qPCB03连锁的KASP标记，该标记可使重组自交系群体中的蛋白质含量提高1.23至1.57个百分点。花生是人类重要的蛋白质来源，在维持稳定的蛋白质供应方面发挥着关键作用。在本研究中，高蛋白品种中花6号（29.14±1.69%）与徐花13号（24.55±1.84%）杂交构建重组自交系（RIL）群体。RIL群体的蛋白质含量表现出显著变异，范围为21.05%至30.28%。为了发现与蛋白质含量相关的基因组区域，构建了四个文库（两个亲本和两个极端混合池）用于混合分组分析法测序（BSA-seq）。结果揭示了蛋白质含量与A07、A10、B03和B10染色体上的基因组区域之间存在显著关联。通过连锁分析，鉴定出9个控制蛋白质含量的QTL（数量性状基因座），其中位于B03染色体上的大效应且稳定的QTL qPCB03（125.92 - 127.94 Mb）解释了11.03%至12.86%的表型变异。这个通过BSA-Seq和连锁图谱同时鉴定出的QTL（qPCB03），在先前的研究中尚未见报道。在qPCB03约2 Mb的区间内，共发现349个基因组变异，包括6个导致6个基因非同义突变的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。基于目标区域的基因组变异，开发了KASP标记并在147个种子蛋白质含量不同花生品种中进行了验证。根据标记辅助选择，有利基因型可能使RIL群体中的蛋白质含量提高1.23至1.57个百分点。稳定位点的鉴定和标记的开发有助于花生的标记辅助育种，而候选基因的发现为调控蛋白质含量关键基因的精细定位奠定了基础。
