Menzel Juliane, Spinka Fabian, Pie Maria J, Deichl Andrea, Knüppel Sven, Ehlers Anke, Nagl Britta, Edelmann Frank, Weikert Cornelia
Department Food and Feed Safety in the Food Chain, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Eur J Epidemiol. 2025 Aug 23. doi: 10.1007/s10654-025-01292-z.
In recent years, acute cardiovascular effects of high energy drink (ED) consumption have been described, but no data are available on chronic high consumption of EDs and cardiovascular risk in adolescents. As a first study, the present study investigated differences in a variety of cardiological parameters in adolescents (aged 15-18 years) with a chronic high consumption of EDs (ED consumption: ≥ four days/week for ≥ last 12 months, > 3 mg caffeine from EDs/kg bodyweight/day) compared to a control group. In study phase 1 of the cross-sectional EDKAR-study, data from 5100 pupils in Berlin (Germany) on their ED consumption and lifestyle factors were assessed using an online questionnaire. Based on these, adolescents with a chronic high ED consumption (n = 97) and a control group (n = 160) were cardiologically examined at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin. Blood pressure, heart rate, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters were assessed. Cardiological risk factors like educational background, smoking, alcohol consumption and sleep duration were investigated. The study noticed no significant and/or clinically relevant differences in any of the cardiological parameters e.g., heart rate (Chronic high ED consumption: Geometric mean (95%-CI): 74.8 BPM (68.5-81.8) vs. control group: 71.9 BPM (65.2-79.2), p = 0.23). However, half of the high consumers reported having experienced adverse effects after consuming EDs. Furthermore, adolescents with chronic high ED consumption reported a considerably higher intake of alcohol, higher smoking rates and shorter sleep duration in comparison to the control group. Accordingly, chronic high ED consumption is associated with lifestyle factors with a potential negative impact on the cardiovascular system.
近年来，已有关于饮用高能饮料（ED）的急性心血管影响的描述，但尚无关于青少年长期大量饮用ED与心血管风险的数据。作为第一项研究，本研究调查了长期大量饮用ED（饮用ED：过去12个月内每周≥4天，来自ED的咖啡因摄入量>3mg/千克体重/天）的青少年（15 - 18岁）与对照组相比，各种心脏学参数的差异。在横断面EDKAR研究的第1阶段，使用在线问卷评估了德国柏林5100名学生的ED饮用情况和生活方式因素。基于这些数据，对长期大量饮用ED的青少年（n = 97）和对照组（n = 160）在柏林夏里特大学医学中心进行了心脏学检查。评估了血压、心率、心电图和超声心动图参数。还调查了教育背景、吸烟、饮酒和睡眠时间等心脏学危险因素。该研究发现，在任何心脏学参数中均未发现显著和/或临床相关差异，例如心率（长期大量饮用ED组：几何平均数（95%可信区间）：74.8次/分钟（68.5 - 81.8），对照组：71.9次/分钟（65.2 - 79.2），p = 0.23）。然而，一半的大量饮用者报告在饮用ED后出现了不良反应。此外，与对照组相比，长期大量饮用ED的青少年报告饮酒量明显更高、吸烟率更高且睡眠时间更短。因此，长期大量饮用ED与对心血管系统可能产生负面影响的生活方式因素有关。
