Wang Xin, Kang Lijuan, Guo Yongni, Jiang Yilong, Wang Zelong, Kang Bo
State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.
Leshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Leshan, 614000, China.
Vet Res Commun. 2025 Aug 23;49(5):286. doi: 10.1007/s11259-025-10845-2.
Polyamines have been reported to play a role in the regulation of follicular development and steroidogenesis, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined the effects of spermidine-enriched diets on ovarian follicle development and steroid hormone synthesis in Sichuan white geese. Forty healthy female Sichuan white geese were randomly assigned to five groups(Con, 5SPG, 10SPG, 5SPD, and 10SPD). The Con group were provided with basal diet, while the 5SPG and 10SPG groups were fed wheat germ feed containing 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg spermidine, respectively. Similarly, the 5SPD and 10SPD groups received basal diets containing 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg pure spermidine, respectively. In the 5SPG group, ovarian spermidine and putrescine concentrations, along with serum and follicular E2 and P4 levels, increased significantly (P < 0.05). Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level decreased, whereas BCL-2 gene expression was significantly elevated compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the expression of StAR and 3β-HSD in yellow follicles and of 17β-HSD and CYP17A1 in white follicles was significantly upregulated in the 5SPG group (P < 0.05). Conversely, the 10SPD group exhibited severe follicular damage, increased numbers of white follicles (P < 0.05), and reduced polyamine and E2 concentrations in prehierarchical follicles (P < 0.05). Additionally, the expression of steroidogenesis-related genes was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), whereas ovarian MDA concentrations and Caspase-3 and Bax expression were significantly upregulated (P < 0.05). Collectively, these results indicate that a wheat germ diet containing 5 mg/kg spermidine enhanced ovarian antioxidant capacity, modulated steroid hormone levels through the regulation of steroidogenesis-related gene expression, and promoted follicular development in Sichuan white geese.
据报道，多胺在卵泡发育和类固醇生成的调节中发挥作用，但其潜在机制仍不清楚。本研究检测了富含亚精胺的日粮对四川白鹅卵巢卵泡发育和类固醇激素合成的影响。40只健康雌性四川白鹅被随机分为五组（对照组、5mg/kg亚精胺组、10mg/kg亚精胺组、5mg/kg纯亚精胺组和10mg/kg纯亚精胺组）。对照组给予基础日粮，5mg/kg亚精胺组和10mg/kg亚精胺组分别饲喂含5mg/kg或10mg/kg亚精胺的麦芽饲料。同样，5mg/kg纯亚精胺组和10mg/kg纯亚精胺组分别接受含5mg/kg和10mg/kg纯亚精胺的基础日粮。在5mg/kg亚精胺组中，卵巢亚精胺和腐胺浓度以及血清和卵泡中的E2和P4水平显著升高（P<0.05）。血清丙二醛（MDA）水平降低，而BCL-2基因表达与对照组相比显著升高（P<0.05）。此外，5mg/kg亚精胺组黄色卵泡中StAR和3β-HSD的表达以及白色卵泡中17β-HSD和CYP17A1的表达显著上调（P<0.05）。相反，10mg/kg纯亚精胺组表现出严重的卵泡损伤，白色卵泡数量增加（P<0.05），分级前卵泡中的多胺和E2浓度降低（P<0.05）。此外，类固醇生成相关基因的表达显著降低（P<0.05），而卵巢MDA浓度以及Caspase-3和Bax表达显著上调（P<0.05）。总体而言，这些结果表明，含5mg/kg亚精胺的麦芽日粮增强了卵巢抗氧化能力，通过调节类固醇生成相关基因表达来调节类固醇激素水平，并促进了四川白鹅的卵泡发育。
