Sharma Ritesh, Toukola Peppi, Jordan Juha, Vuorinen Julia, Huynh Ngoc, Durandin Nikita, Herrala Mikko, Primetta Anja, Rysä Jaana, Österberg Monika, Nousiainen Paula, Laaksonen Päivi, Räisänen Riikka
School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland.
Craft Science, University of Helsinki, Siltavuorenpenger 5, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
ACS Omega. 2025 Aug 11;10(32):36511-36526. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c05183. eCollection 2025 Aug 19.
The growing environmental and health concerns associated with synthetic dyes have increased interest in natural alternatives. This study investigates the multifunctional properties of yellow onion skin extract as a sustainable dye source for cellulosic substrates, assessing the extract's functional properties beyond coloration. The extract was applied to premordanted cellulose nanofiber films (CNF) with a concentration of 2 g/L and knitted cotton fabric 0.125 g/L at 80 °C for 60 min, and its impact on UV protection, antioxidant properties, and dye stability was investigated. To enhance adsorption, biobased polyelectrolytes, including chitosan, tannic acid, and organic acids, were used as mordants and compared to metal mordants. Surface interactions between the cellulosic substrate and dye were studied using in situ monitoring to obtain data on the dyeing conditions for optimization. The dyed CNF films demonstrated excellent UV-shielding properties with up to 90% UV blocking and 82% DPPH radical scavenging activity, making them promising for protective packaging solutions. For cotton fabric, the dye concentration was low (0.125 g/L), resulting in relatively low color depth (K/S 1.33-5.59) with moderate (LF 3-5) fastness properties. Our study of KeratinoSens (OECD Test Guideline 442D equivalent) suggests a potential skin sensitizing effect of the yellow onion dye at higher concentrations. This needs further evaluation and studies. All together, these findings highlight the potential of yellow onion skin waste as a functional dye for applications in textiles and packaging that require enhanced surface properties.
与合成染料相关的环境和健康问题日益受到关注，这使得人们对天然替代品的兴趣增加。本研究调查了黄洋葱皮提取物作为纤维素基材可持续染料来源的多功能特性，评估了该提取物在染色之外的功能特性。将提取物以2 g/L的浓度应用于预媒染的纤维素纳米纤维膜（CNF），并以0.125 g/L的浓度在80°C下处理针织棉织物60分钟，研究了其对紫外线防护、抗氧化性能和染料稳定性的影响。为了增强吸附作用，使用了包括壳聚糖、单宁酸和有机酸在内的生物基聚电解质作为媒染剂，并与金属媒染剂进行了比较。使用原位监测研究了纤维素基材与染料之间的表面相互作用，以获取优化染色条件的数据。染色后的CNF膜表现出优异的紫外线屏蔽性能，紫外线阻挡率高达90%，DPPH自由基清除活性为82%，使其有望用于防护包装解决方案。对于棉织物，染料浓度较低（0.125 g/L），导致色深相对较低（K/S为1.33 - 5.59），色牢度适中（LF为3 - 5）。我们对KeratinoSens（等同于经合组织测试指南442D）的研究表明，黄洋葱染料在较高浓度下可能具有皮肤致敏作用。这需要进一步评估和研究。总之，这些发现突出了黄洋葱皮废料作为功能性染料在需要增强表面性能的纺织品和包装应用中的潜力。
