Vinoo Saasha, Jaiswal Divya, Mehta Palak, Battu Atharv, Majumdar Anuradha
Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santa Cruz (E), Mumbai, 400098, India.
Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res. 2025 Apr 1;19(2):180-190. doi: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v19i2.18555.
The plethora of advancements in cancer treatment has resulted in designing unique signatures and personalized therapies, tailored to patient-specific needs, using medications that target specific markers on cancer cells or even retrain the body's immune system. Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell, also called as CAR T-cell, is one such approach wherein a patient's cells are modulated to kill the cancer cells. Conventional cancer treatments invite issues like low specificity, increased chances of relapse, or issues with radiotoxicity and tolerance in the case of chemotherapy. Currently, CAR T-cell therapy is under clinical investigation, and different countries are still coming up with their guidelines for the pragmatic application of CAR T. In this review, we present all one needs to know about CAR T-cell therapy, its types, components, side effects, current authorization status in different countries, along with the technology being used in the therapy. We also briefly upon the recent regulations or guidelines released by Europe and the USA, the countries that have actively initiated the CAR T idea. This review aims to provide insight into this targeted therapy, which has the potential to boost cancer research and to help researchers develop more such patient-specific treatments to improve clinical outcomes in cancer.
癌症治疗方面的大量进展促使人们设计出独特的特征标识和个性化疗法，根据患者的特定需求，使用针对癌细胞特定标志物的药物，甚至重新训练人体免疫系统。嵌合抗原受体T细胞（也称为CAR T细胞）就是这样一种方法，即对患者的细胞进行调节以杀死癌细胞。传统的癌症治疗会引发一些问题，比如特异性低、复发几率增加，或者在化疗情况下存在放射毒性和耐受性问题。目前，CAR T细胞疗法正在进行临床研究，不同国家仍在制定CAR T实际应用的指南。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了关于CAR T细胞疗法人们需要了解的一切，包括其类型、组成部分、副作用、在不同国家的当前获批情况，以及该疗法所使用的技术。我们还简要提及了欧洲和美国这两个积极推动CAR T理念的国家最近发布的法规或指南。这篇综述旨在深入了解这种靶向疗法，它有可能推动癌症研究，并帮助研究人员开发更多此类针对患者的治疗方法，以改善癌症的临床治疗效果。
