Koruga Nenad, Hećimović Ivan, Rončević Alen, Turk Tajana, Rotim Tatjana, Kretić Domagoj, Farkaš Vedran, Ištvanić Tomislav, Dmitrović Branko, Koruga Anamarija Soldo
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Center Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
Discov Oncol. 2025 Aug 25;16(1):1609. doi: 10.1007/s12672-025-03474-3.
Spinal metastasis of high grade glioma (HGG) is a rare but serious clinical occurrence that can significantly impact patient prognosis and quality of life. Although the majority of HGG metastases are confined intracranially, extracranial spread, including spinal metastasis, has been increasingly recognized in recent years. Spinal involvement may occur through hematogenous spread, direct extension, or cerebrospinal fluid dissemination, with the most common sites being the vertebral bodies and epidural space. The clinical presentation of spinal metastasis often includes worsening back pain and neurological deficits which may require urgent surgery. Authors present a mini review of this important clinical condition with an insight of their own case and possibilities of treatment which is often limited due to the aggressive nature of HGG and the challenging management of spinal metastases. Surgical resection and oncologic therapy still remain the commonly established options to be employed, nevertheless outcomes remain poor and median survival times are generally short. Although rare, spinal metastasis of HGG needs more research in order to better understand the pathophysiology, optimal management strategies and long-term outcomes for affected patients.
高级别胶质瘤（HGG）的脊柱转移是一种罕见但严重的临床情况，会显著影响患者的预后和生活质量。尽管大多数HGG转移局限于颅内，但近年来颅外转移，包括脊柱转移，越来越受到认可。脊柱受累可能通过血行播散、直接蔓延或脑脊液播散发生，最常见的部位是椎体和硬膜外间隙。脊柱转移的临床表现通常包括背痛加重和神经功能缺损，这可能需要紧急手术。作者对这一重要临床情况进行了简要综述，并结合自身病例深入探讨了治疗方法，由于HGG的侵袭性和脊柱转移的挑战性管理，治疗选择往往有限。手术切除和肿瘤治疗仍然是常用的治疗方法，然而预后仍然很差，中位生存时间通常较短。尽管罕见，但HGG的脊柱转移需要更多研究，以便更好地了解其病理生理学、最佳管理策略以及受影响患者的长期预后。
