Yuan Bingyou, Zhang Xian, Liu Liang, Chai Yan, Zhang Jianning, Chen Xin
Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China.
Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, PR China.
Cell Death Dis. 2025 Aug 25;16(1):643. doi: 10.1038/s41419-025-07945-x.
The concept of central nervous system (CNS) "immune privilege" has undergone substantial revision. We now understand that the CNS exhibits sophisticated inflammatory responses that serve dual functions: potentially detrimental in acute phases while facilitating repair and recovery during chronic stages of various neurological conditions. Recent advances in genomic technologies, particularly high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics, have revolutionized our understanding of cellular dynamics and interactions within the CNS inflammatory microenvironment. Here, we examine the intricate interplay between neutrophils and astrocytes during CNS inflammation. We synthesize emerging evidence of their reciprocal regulation, analyze their roles in neurological diseases, and delineate the molecular pathways mediating their communication. Understanding these cellular interactions could reveal promising therapeutic targets for modulating secondary CNS inflammation, potentially leading to more effective treatment strategies for neurological disorders.
中枢神经系统（CNS）“免疫特权”的概念已历经重大修订。我们现在明白，中枢神经系统会展现出复杂的炎症反应，这些反应具有双重功能：在急性期可能有害，但在各种神经疾病的慢性阶段则有助于修复和恢复。基因组技术的最新进展，尤其是高通量单细胞RNA测序（scRNA-seq）和空间转录组学，彻底改变了我们对中枢神经系统炎症微环境中细胞动态和相互作用的理解。在此，我们研究中枢神经系统炎症期间中性粒细胞与星形胶质细胞之间的复杂相互作用。我们综合了它们相互调节的新证据，分析了它们在神经疾病中的作用，并描绘了介导它们通讯的分子途径。了解这些细胞间相互作用可能会揭示出用于调节中枢神经系统继发性炎症的有前景的治疗靶点，有望为神经疾病带来更有效的治疗策略。
