Luis Jane Marian, Johnson Lucas Durand, Vega-Vasquez Pablo, Ristroph Kurt, Hoagland Lori
University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States, 96822-2217;
Purdue University, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States;
Plant Dis. 2025 Aug 26. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-02-25-0261-RE.
Gray mold, caused by the fungus , significantly reduces tomato yield and quality. The use of essential oils (EOs), here formulated as nanoemulsions, offers a safe and eco-friendly strategy to manage gray mold without conventional pesticide application. This study evaluated the antifungal effect of cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsion (EONE) against in vitro, and its impact on plant physiological health and gray mold suppression in planta. EONE-treated media significantly reduced mycelial growth area compared to non-treated controls, with greatest inhibition observed at three days post-inoculation (PDA: 88.67%, p<0.01; V8: 54.57%, p<0.01). In tomato plants, roots were treated with EONE prior to foliar inoculation with . EONE showed no adverse effects on physiological parameters of non-inoculated plants. Inoculated plants exhibited reduced Fv/Fm, chlorophyll content, and NDVI compared to non-inoculated plants, but these effects were mitigated in EONE-treated plants, particularly at 200 µL application volume. Cinnamon EONE, applied at volumes ranging from 200 to 2000 µL (5.98 to 59.38 mg/L cinnamon EO), suppressed gray mold lesion area by up to 44.50% compared to the -inoculated control. Evaluation of individual EONE components showed that inert ingredients had no significant plant-protective nor disease-suppressive effects. While unformulated EO was more effective in suppressing disease lesion area in the short term (plants inoculated 24 h post-treatment), EONE provided longer-lasting protection when inoculated five days post-treatment. These findings suggest that cinnamon EONE is a promising tool for managing , with potential for a long-term protective effect in disease management.
由真菌引起的灰霉病会显著降低番茄的产量和品质。使用在此处配制成纳米乳液的香精油（EOs），提供了一种无需使用传统农药就能防治灰霉病的安全且环保的策略。本研究评估了肉桂精油纳米乳液（EONE）对体外的抗真菌效果，及其对植物生理健康和植物体内灰霉病抑制的影响。与未处理的对照相比，经EONE处理的培养基显著减少了的菌丝生长面积，在接种后三天观察到最大抑制效果（PDA：88.67%，p<0.01；V8：54.57%，p<0.01）。在番茄植株中，在进行叶面接种之前先用EONE处理根部。EONE对未接种植株的生理参数没有不良影响。与未接种植株相比，接种植株的Fv/Fm、叶绿素含量和归一化植被指数（NDVI）降低，但在经EONE处理的植株中这些影响得到缓解，尤其是在施用体积为200微升时。与接种对照相比，以200至2000微升（5.98至59.38毫克/升肉桂EO）的体积施用肉桂EONE，可将灰霉病病斑面积抑制高达44.50%。对EONE各个成分的评估表明，惰性成分没有显著的植物保护或病害抑制作用。虽然未配制的EO在短期内（处理后24小时接种的植株）对抑制病害病斑面积更有效，但在处理后五天接种时，EONE提供了更持久的保护。这些发现表明，肉桂EONE是防治的一种有前景的工具，在病害管理中具有产生长期保护作用的潜力。
