Hassan Mohamed Sheikh, Sidow Nor Osman, Adam Bakar Ali, Ibrahim Abdiwahid Ahmed, Hidig Mohamed Farah Osman, Ahmed Said Abdirahman, Hassan Mohamed Omar, Hashi Abdullahi Said, Bashir Ahmed Muhammad, Adani Abdulkamil Abdullahi, Ahmed Mohammed Am, Hussein Saadaq Adan, Mohamed Nur Adam, Kose Samet
Department of Neurology, Mogadishu Somali-Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.
Department of Cardiology, Mogadishu Somali-Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 26;15(1):31479. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-12560-z.
Neurological disorders are increasingly prevalent in developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. However, data regarding the epidemiology of these conditions in Somalia remain limited. This study aims to analyze the patterns of neurological diagnoses among patients admitted to the neurology department of a tertiary referral hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study at Somalia's largest referral hospital in Mogadishu between July 2019 and July 2024. Data were extracted from electronic medical records of adult patients admitted with neurological conditions to the neurology ward, emergency department, and general intensive care units. Pediatric and trauma-related admissions were excluded. Descriptive statistics, Pearson chi-square tests, binary logistic regression, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were employed to assess the distribution of neurological diagnoses and factors associated with in-hospital mortality. A total of 2,126 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 56.03 ± 19.07 years (range: 18-98 years), and the majority were male (n = 1,274; 60%). Most admissions originated from the emergency department (n = 1,741; 82%). Over half of the patients had at least one comorbidity (n = 1,329; 62.5%), with hypertension being the most common (n = 654; 31%), followed by diabetes mellitus (n = 175; 8.2%), epilepsy (n = 138; 6.5%), heart disease (n = 118; 5.6%), and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) (n = 67; 3.2%). The leading neurological diagnoses were ischemic stroke (n = 905; 42.6%), hemorrhagic stroke (n = 552; 26%), epileptic disorders (n = 166; 7.8%), cerebral venous thrombosis (n = 138; 6.5%), non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 92; 4.2%), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (n = 47; 2.2%). Intrahospital mortality was recorded in 342 patients (23%). Poor survival outcomes were significantly associated with advanced age, comorbidities, multiple diagnoses, low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, and ICU admission, underscoring the importance of early detection and targeted interventions to reduce mortality. This study represents the first comprehensive assessment of neurological admissions in Mogadishu, Somalia-a region with limited healthcare resources. Cerebrovascular diseases and epileptic disorders were the most common diagnoses. The high in-hospital mortality rate emphasizes the urgent need to strengthen preventative and therapeutic strategies targeting non-communicable neurological diseases in low-resource settings.
神经疾病在发展中国家日益普遍，尤其是在撒哈拉以南非洲地区。然而，索马里这些疾病的流行病学数据仍然有限。本研究旨在分析索马里摩加迪沙一家三级转诊医院神经科收治患者的神经诊断模式。我们于2019年7月至2024年7月在摩加迪沙索马里最大的转诊医院进行了一项回顾性横断面研究。数据从入住神经科病房、急诊科和综合重症监护病房的成年神经疾病患者的电子病历中提取。儿科和创伤相关入院患者被排除。采用描述性统计、Pearson卡方检验、二元逻辑回归和Kaplan-Meier生存分析来评估神经诊断的分布以及与院内死亡率相关的因素。共有2126名患者纳入研究。平均年龄为56.03±19.07岁（范围：18 - 98岁），大多数为男性（n = 1274；60%）。大多数入院患者来自急诊科（n = 1741；82%）。超过一半的患者至少有一种合并症（n = 1329；62.5%），其中高血压最为常见（n = 654；31%），其次是糖尿病（n = 175；8.2%）、癫痫（n = 138；6.5%）、心脏病（n = 118；5.6%）以及既往中风或短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）（n = 67；3.2%）。主要的神经诊断为缺血性中风（n = 905；42.6%）、出血性中风（n = 552；26%）、癫痫障碍（n = 166；7.8%）、脑静脉血栓形成（n = 138；6.5%）、非创伤性蛛网膜下腔出血（n = 92；4.2%）和吉兰 - 巴雷综合征（n = 47；2.2%）。342名患者（23%）记录有院内死亡。生存结局不佳与高龄、合并症、多重诊断、低格拉斯哥昏迷量表（GCS）评分和入住重症监护病房显著相关，这凸显了早期检测和针对性干预以降低死亡率的重要性。本研究是对索马里摩加迪沙这一医疗资源有限地区神经科入院情况的首次全面评估。脑血管疾病和癫痫障碍是最常见的诊断。高院内死亡率强调了在资源匮乏地区加强针对非传染性神经疾病的预防和治疗策略的迫切需求。
