He Baiju, Geng Junlong, Liu Haoran, Li Yihua, Luo Tianlie, Gao Changfei
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control Chemistry and Environmental Functional Materials for Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University Chengdu 610041 China
Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZX UK.
RSC Adv. 2025 Aug 19;15(36):29142-29148. doi: 10.1039/d5ra03719k. eCollection 2025 Aug 18.
Although pervaporation (PV) desalination is a promising solution to global freshwater scarcity, membranes suffer from unstable separation performance. This study utilized resource recycling to prepare a porous ceramic membrane using solid waste fly ash as raw material, which was then combined with polyimide (PI) to produce a high-performance composite membrane (abbreviated to as PI/ceramic membrane). In this composite membrane, the ceramic membrane provides mechanical support and promotes rapid water passage, while the PI layer intercepts hydrated salt ions through size screening and electronic repulsion. Through their synergistic action, the composite membrane can preferentially adsorb and diffuse water molecules while retaining. Results indicate in addition to a retention efficiency of nearly 99.9%, the PI/ceramic membranes achieved a permeability of 10.88 L (m h), which is superior to other existing polymer-modified membranes. Simultaneously, the membrane demonstrates selective ion rejection (, SO and Mg) while maintaining stable rejection performance at 90 °C. A 45-hour continuous operation test confirmed the composite membrane's stability, demonstrating consistent performance. This study provides a novel approach for the preparation of polymer-modified membranes for industrial wastewater desalination.
尽管渗透蒸发（PV）脱盐是解决全球淡水短缺问题的一种很有前景的方法，但膜的分离性能不稳定。本研究利用资源循环利用，以固体废弃物粉煤灰为原料制备了多孔陶瓷膜，然后将其与聚酰亚胺（PI）复合制备了高性能复合膜（简称为PI/陶瓷膜）。在这种复合膜中，陶瓷膜提供机械支撑并促进水的快速通过，而PI层通过尺寸筛分和电子排斥作用截留水合盐离子。通过它们的协同作用，复合膜能够优先吸附和扩散水分子，同时截留盐分。结果表明，PI/陶瓷膜除了截留效率接近99.9%外，渗透率达到10.88 L/(m²·h)，优于其他现有的聚合物改性膜。同时，该膜在90℃下能选择性地截留离子（氯离子、硫酸根离子和镁离子），并保持稳定的截留性能。45小时的连续运行测试证实了复合膜的稳定性，其性能保持一致。本研究为工业废水脱盐的聚合物改性膜制备提供了一种新方法。
