Sandu Andrei-Florin, Acton Lauren, Gould Phillip
Coventry University Group: Coventry University Warwickshire 2706 UK.
Glob Chall. 2025 Jun 16;9(8):e00106. doi: 10.1002/gch2.202500106. eCollection 2025 Aug.
The heightened spread of pathogens due to population growth, urbanization, and climate change presents significant health challenges, exacerbated by high transmission, virulence, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and novel variants. Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) affect 1 in 31 hospitalized patients, costing $28.4 billion annually. This study introduces a novel approach to pathogen control by integrating copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles into 3D printed Stereolithography (SLA) materials. The 3D impregnated material demonstrates reproducibility and efficacy across different 3D platforms, showcasing complete bactericidal/fungicidal effects against twelve diverse species and a 4 log virucidal activity on eight clinically relevant viral species within 2 h. No significant cytotoxicity is observed in primary human keratinocytes after 2 h of contact. The material maintains its antipathogenic activity after a year of accelerated ageing, suggesting enhances stability and performance over time. This method addresses the limitations of conventional cleaning and surface spraying, which often fall short in efficacy and longevity; for the first time, the incorporation of commercially available nanoparticles into 3D printable materials offers a versatile long-lasting antipathogenic and biocompatible solution for high-contact surfaces in public and clinical settings, reducing the need for cleaning surfaces while limiting infection rates, the threat of AMR, and other future infectious outbreaks.
由于人口增长、城市化和气候变化导致病原体传播加剧，带来了重大的健康挑战，而高传播率、毒力、抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）和新变种使这些挑战更加严峻。医院获得性感染（HAI）影响每31名住院患者中的1人，每年造成284亿美元的损失。本研究引入了一种新的病原体控制方法，即将铜和氧化锌纳米颗粒整合到3D打印的立体光刻（SLA）材料中。这种3D浸渍材料在不同的3D平台上都显示出可重复性和有效性，对12种不同的物种展现出完全的杀菌/杀真菌效果，并且在2小时内对8种临床相关病毒物种具有4个对数级的灭病毒活性。与原代人角质形成细胞接触2小时后未观察到明显的细胞毒性。经过一年的加速老化后，该材料仍保持其抗病原体活性，表明其随着时间的推移稳定性和性能有所增强。这种方法解决了传统清洁和表面喷涂的局限性，传统方法在功效和持久性方面往往不足；首次将市售纳米颗粒掺入3D可打印材料中，为公共和临床环境中的高接触表面提供了一种通用的长效抗病原体且生物相容的解决方案，减少了清洁表面的需求，同时限制了感染率、AMR的威胁以及未来其他传染病的爆发。
