Link between Parkinson's disease and melanoma: insights into the influence of the gene family.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by damage to dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra region of the midbrain. Melanoma, on the other hand, is a malignant skin tumor formed by the abnormal proliferation of melanocytes, often linked to genetic predisposition and ultraviolet exposure. Emerging evidence confirms a significant association between PD and melanoma, with individuals afflicted with PD displaying a higher susceptibility to melanoma development. The family genes, known for their involvement in PD etiology, emerge as key players in elucidating this intricate relationship. Through a comprehensive review, it becomes evident that different gene mutations exert varied impacts on both PD and melanoma pathogenesis. For instance, mutations in influence α-synuclein aggregation in both PD and melanoma, while mutations modulate autophagy pathways in both PD and melanoma. The roles of and in melanoma warrant further investigation. Additionally, mutations influence mitophagy mechanisms in PD and melanoma, with implications regarding melanoma proliferation through the PI3K/AKT pathway. Therefore, delineating the precise contributions of genes to PD and melanoma pathophysiology holds paramount importance in devising therapeutic strategies for both PD and melanoma.