Ahmed Jaafar Omer, Kakamd Karwan K, Mawlod Khaleel S
Psychology Department, Faculty of Art, Soran University, Soran, Iraq.
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research, Hamid Street, Azadi Mall, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq.
Ind Psychiatry J. 2025 May-Aug;34(2):184-190. doi: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_498_24. Epub 2025 Jul 18.
Female workers often face sexual harassment in the workplace. It places them under stress and reduces their job satisfaction.
Understanding the mediating effect of job stress in relation to harassment and job satisfaction is the main objective of the study.
This cross-sectional study focused on women workers in the private sector from the Kurdistan region of Iraq. We measured sexual harassment using the sex behavior and workplace questionnaire and assessed job stress using the job stress survey questionnaire. The researchers developed a job satisfaction scale. We analyzed the data using ANOVA, simple linear regression, and Sobel mediation.
Study sample consisted of 400 women workers who had experienced sexual harassment at work. The divorced/widowed had higher levels of harassment (M = 76.68), higher levels of job stress (M = 56.94), and worse job satisfaction (M = 50.16). We found a substantial positive link between sexual harassment and job stress and a large, significant negative correlation with job satisfaction. The indirect effect of sexual harassment through job stress accounts for 15% of the impact on job satisfaction.
Among female workers, divorced or widowed, older, and lower levels of education are the main risk factors for sexual harassment.
女性员工在工作场所经常面临性骚扰。这使她们处于压力之下并降低了工作满意度。
了解工作压力在性骚扰与工作满意度之间的中介作用是本研究的主要目的。
这项横断面研究聚焦于伊拉克库尔德地区私营部门的女性员工。我们使用性行为与工作场所问卷来测量性骚扰，并使用工作压力调查问卷来评估工作压力。研究人员编制了工作满意度量表。我们使用方差分析、简单线性回归和索贝尔中介分析来分析数据。
研究样本包括400名曾在工作中遭受性骚扰的女性员工。离婚/丧偶者遭受性骚扰的程度更高（M = 76.68），工作压力水平更高（M = 56.94），工作满意度更差（M = 50.16）。我们发现性骚扰与工作压力之间存在显著的正相关，与工作满意度之间存在很大的显著负相关。性骚扰通过工作压力产生的间接效应占对工作满意度影响的15%。
在女性员工中，离婚或丧偶、年龄较大以及教育程度较低是遭受性骚扰的主要风险因素。
