Rollison Julia, Hero Joachim O, Feistel Katie, Bialas Armenda, Hall Owen, Li Rosemary, Weilant Sarah, Larkin Jody, Farris Coreen, Gore Kristie L
Rand Health Q. 2023 Sep 15;10(4):10. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Victims of sexual assault and sexual harassment often experience a variety of psychological outcomes and mental health symptoms related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, substance abuse, suicidal ideation, and self-harm. Sexual trauma also might affect careers. Despite a need to address these harms, some service members have reported that connecting to health care or mental health services following sexual assault or sexual harassment can be difficult-in part because of a lack of leadership support. Given these persistent challenges, the Psychological Health Center of Excellence identified an urgent need to better understand research that is pertinent to sexual assault and sexual harassment during military service so that the U.S. Department of Defense and the military services can improve the health care response for service members. RAND researchers investigated and synthesized relevant research in three topic areas: (1) the effectiveness of psychotherapy treatments designed for adult victims of sexual assault or sexual harassment in military settings; (2) barriers faced by U.S. military members to accessing and remaining in mental health care settings; and (3) associations between sexual assault or sexual harassment and mental health conditions.
性侵犯和性骚扰的受害者常常会经历各种与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、抑郁、焦虑、药物滥用、自杀念头和自我伤害相关的心理后果及心理健康症状。性创伤还可能影响职业生涯。尽管需要应对这些伤害，但一些军人报告称，遭受性侵犯或性骚扰后寻求医疗保健或心理健康服务可能会很困难，部分原因是缺乏领导层的支持。鉴于这些持续存在的挑战，卓越心理健康中心确定迫切需要更好地了解与军事服役期间性侵犯和性骚扰相关的研究，以便美国国防部和各军种能够改善对军人的医疗保健应对措施。兰德公司的研究人员调查并综合了三个主题领域的相关研究：（1）为军事环境中性侵犯或性骚扰成年受害者设计的心理治疗的有效性；（2）美国军人在获得和留在心理健康护理环境中面临的障碍；（3）性侵犯或性骚扰与心理健康状况之间的关联。
