Simultaneous Elimination of Left Atrial Posterior Wall Atrial Fibrillation and Creation of Mitral Isthmus Block by Ethanol Infusion in the Vein of Marshall.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) originating from the left atrial posterior wall recurred repeatedly, resulting in immediate recurrence of AF (IRAF). Ethanol infusion into the vein of Marshall (VOM) successfully terminated the AF and simultaneously achieved complete mitral isthmus block. This dual effect underscores the potential utility of VOM ethanol infusion not only for mitral isthmus ablation but also for targeting non-pulmonary vein (non-PV) triggers in complex AF cases.