Huda Anwar Ul, Yasir Mohammad, Mughal Mohammad Zulqarnain, Arif Asim
Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia *Email:
Qatar Med J. 2025 Aug 20;2025(3):95. doi: 10.5339/qmj.2025.95. eCollection 2025.
Emergence delirium (ED) in pediatric patients can result in bodily harms, maladaptive changes, and longer post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stays. The incidence of ED varies in pediatric patients depending on various factors such as age, type of anesthesia, type of surgery, pain, and the choice of diagnostic tools. Various pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods have been used to reduce its incidence postoperatively. This study aims to investigate the role of a fixed dose of intravenous dexmedetomidine in preventing ED in pediatric patients.
Approval from the institutional ethical committee was obtained for this randomized controlled trial. Inclusion criteria included pediatric patients aged between 2 and 12 years, with ASA scores ranging from 1 to 3, who were scheduled to undergo general anesthesia for a surgical procedure. The intervention group received 20 ml of 0.2 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine intravenously over a period of 20 minutes before the end of the operation. In contrast, the control group received 20 ml of 0.9% saline. The primary outcome measure of this study was the incidence of ED in the PACU. All data collected during the study were entered and analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 statistical package program.
A total of 66 patients were included in the study. All baseline characteristics of both groups were similar. The incidence of ED in the control group was 42% (14/33), whereas it was 15% (5/33) in the dexmedetomidine group ( = 0.014).
The use of 0.2 mcg/kg intravenous dexmedetomidine reduces the incidence of ED in patients undergoing general anesthesia with sevoflurane.
小儿患者术后苏醒期谵妄（ED）可导致身体伤害、适应性改变以及在麻醉后监护病房（PACU）停留时间延长。小儿患者中ED的发生率因年龄、麻醉类型、手术类型、疼痛以及诊断工具的选择等多种因素而有所不同。术后已采用多种药物和非药物方法来降低其发生率。本研究旨在探讨固定剂量静脉注射右美托咪定在预防小儿患者ED中的作用。
本随机对照试验获得了机构伦理委员会的批准。纳入标准包括年龄在2至12岁、ASA评分1至3分、计划接受外科手术全身麻醉的小儿患者。干预组在手术结束前20分钟内静脉注射20毫升0.2微克/千克右美托咪定。相比之下，对照组接受20毫升0.9%生理盐水。本研究的主要结局指标是PACU中ED的发生率。研究期间收集的所有数据均使用SPSS 22.0统计软件包程序进行录入和分析。
本研究共纳入66例患者。两组的所有基线特征相似。对照组中ED的发生率为42%（14/33），而右美托咪定组为15%（5/33）（P = 0.014）。
使用0.2微克/千克静脉注射右美托咪定可降低接受七氟烷全身麻醉患者的ED发生率。
