Mechanism analysis of periostin in osteoclasts differentiation of dental follicle: Two case reports.

BACKGROUND

This study analyzed the dental follicle and alveolar bone of two patients with tooth eruption disorders, aiming to provide some reference for exploring the etiology and selecting treatment plans of this disease from the perspective of the influence of extracellular matrix on osteoclasts differentiation in dental follicle.

CASE SUMMARY

Collect dental follicle and alveolar bone tissue from one patient with single tooth eruption disorder and one patient with full permanent tooth eruption disorder, respectively. Simultaneously collect the dental follicle and alveolar bone tissue of obstructed teeth that need to be extracted due to orthodontic treatment as the control group. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the morphology of dental follicle cells. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of periostin, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) protein in dental follicle and alveolar bone tissue. And observe the eruption of teeth after removing resistance from the crown of the permanent tooth germ.

CONCLUSION

HE staining of two cases of dental follicle tissues showed that the volume of dental follicle cells decreased, the nuclei were condensed, and there seemed to be cellular fibrosis. The immunohistochemical staining showed that both the dental follicle and alveolar bone tissue exhibited increased expression of periostin, decreased expression of RANKL and OPG proteins, and decreased RANKL/OPG ratio. After removing resistance, the permanent tooth germ often appears to have normal eruption. Tooth eruption disorders may be accompanied by abnormal remodeling of periostin, which affects the differentiation function of osteoclasts in the dental follicle and leads to metabolic imbalance of alveolar bone, resulting in tooth eruption disorders. Whether it is a single or full permanent tooth eruption disorder, once the coronal resistance is removed, the teeth can often erupt normally.