Wang Zhihao, Li Zhiguang, Xie Ruijin
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China.
School of Economics and Management, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China.
Cost Eff Resour Alloc. 2025 Jul 18;23(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s12962-025-00644-6.
To analyze the regional disparities, dynamic evolution, and influencing factors of medical resource allocation efficiency in TCM hospitals across China from 2016 to 2022, providing references for optimizing resource allocation in TCM hospitals.
The study employed a super-efficiency Slack-Based Measure (SBM) model considering undesirable outputs to assess regional equity in efficiency, utilized the Dagum Gini coefficient to measure regional disparities in efficiency, and applied kernel density estimation and spatial econometric models to analyze the dynamic evolution and spatial spillover effects of medical resource allocation efficiency in TCM hospitals.
In 17 provinces, the efficiency is higher than the average value of 0.839, and in 8 provinces, the average value has exceeded 1. The regional pattern of efficiency shows a gradient characteristic of "high in the east and stable in the west, with the Northeast lagging behind." There is a significant spatial difference in the efficiency of resource allocation. The overall difference in the allocation of resources for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospitals shows a fluctuating upward trend. The contribution rate of regional differences reaches 53.45%, which is the dominant factor. The largest regional differences are found within the central region, while the gaps between the eastern and central regions continue to widen, and those between the western and northeastern regions tend to become more balanced. The most significant interregional differences are observed between the central and western regions. The efficiency of resource allocation for TCM hospitals is on the rise, with the kernel density curve shifting to the right. The main peak height first decreases and then increases, while the width first expands and then contracts. The absolute difference first increases and then decreases. The rightward convergence of the tail indicates that there are efficient hospitals, but the gaps are narrowing. The multi-peak distribution reveals a multi-level differentiation pattern with the coexistence of low-efficiency and high-efficiency clusters. Per capita GDP, urbanization level, aging rate, population density, and the number of graduates from higher medical colleges can promote efficiency improvement. Population density and the proportion of TCM physicians have a positive spatial spillover effect on efficiency, while per capita GDP has a negative spatial spillover effect.
The efficiency of medical resource allocation in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospitals is steadily improving, and the regional differences are continuously narrowing. The degree of efficiency multi-polarization is becoming more moderate, and the development of regional equilibrium is being achieved. Both internal and external environmental factors jointly influence the improvement of medical resource allocation efficiency in TCM hospitals. It is recommended to take measures such as technological empowerment, institutional constraints, financial support, and talent absorption to enhance the efficiency of medical resource allocation in TCM hospitals and bridge the regional gaps.
分析2016—2022年全国中医医院医疗资源配置效率的区域差异、动态演变及影响因素，为优化中医医院资源配置提供参考。
采用考虑非期望产出的超效率松弛测度（SBM）模型评估效率的区域公平性，运用达格姆基尼系数测度效率的区域差异，应用核密度估计和空间计量模型分析中医医院医疗资源配置效率的动态演变及空间溢出效应。
17个省份效率高于均值0.839，8个省份均值超过1。效率区域格局呈“东高西稳、东北滞后”的梯度特征。资源配置效率存在显著空间差异，中医医院资源配置总体差异呈波动上升趋势，区域差异贡献率达53.45%，为主要因素。区域内差异最大的是中部地区，东部与中部地区差距持续扩大，西部与东北地区差距趋于平衡，区域间差异最显著的是中部与西部地区。中医医院资源配置效率呈上升趋势，核密度曲线右移，主峰高度先降后升，宽度先扩后缩，绝对差异先增后减，尾部右移趋同表明存在高效医院但差距在缩小，多峰分布揭示了低效率与高效率集群并存的多层次分化格局。人均GDP、城镇化水平、老龄化率、人口密度、高等医学院校毕业生数可促进效率提升。人口密度和中医医师占比对效率有正向空间溢出效应，人均GDP有负向空间溢出效应。
中医医院医疗资源配置效率稳步提升，区域差异不断缩小，效率多极化程度趋于缓和，区域均衡发展正在实现。内外部环境因素共同影响中医医院医疗资源配置效率提升，建议采取技术赋能、制度约束、财政支持、吸纳人才等措施，提高中医医院医疗资源配置效率，缩小区域差距。
