Date Yasuhiro, Ishikawa Chiaki, Ono Hiroshi
Kyushu-Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Koshi 861-1192, Japan.
Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan.
Metabolites. 2025 Aug 20;15(8):558. doi: 10.3390/metabo15080558.
Metabolomics is a powerful tool used for the evaluation of sugarcane components which are key factors influencing its response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, little is known about the compositional variability and diversity of the sugarcane juice metabolome under practical field conditions in temperate climates.
In this study, we characterized metabolomic differences and variability in sugarcane juice components during the maturation stage of nine cultivars grown in a temperate climate in Japan using a nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics approach, aiming to provide insights into genotype-dependent adaptability to environmental and climate changes.
Principal component analysis revealed distinct metabolic profiles based on cultivar and maturation level. Notably, sucrose levels increased from September to December accompanied by decreased glucose and fructose levels across all cultivars. Early-maturing cultivars had high sucrose content even with shorter growing periods, suggesting particular advantages for sugar production in temperate climates. Additionally, 4-aminobutyric acid accumulated in all cultivars as maturation progressed. On the other hand, -aconitic acid, choline, and branched-chain amino acids showed cultivar-dependent trends. In one example, choline concentrations increased significantly in specific cultivars during maturation.
These findings support a deeper understanding of metabolic adaptation and may aid in identifying cultivars better suited to environmental fluctuations.
代谢组学是一种用于评估甘蔗成分的强大工具，这些成分是影响其对生物和非生物胁迫反应的关键因素。然而，在温带气候的实际田间条件下，关于甘蔗汁代谢组的组成变异性和多样性知之甚少。
在本研究中，我们使用基于核磁共振的代谢组学方法，对在日本温带气候下种植的九个品种甘蔗成熟阶段的甘蔗汁成分的代谢组差异和变异性进行了表征，旨在深入了解基因型对环境和气候变化的适应性。
主成分分析揭示了基于品种和成熟水平的不同代谢谱。值得注意的是，所有品种的蔗糖水平从9月到12月均有所增加，同时葡萄糖和果糖水平下降。早熟品种即使生长周期较短，蔗糖含量也很高，这表明在温带气候下制糖具有特殊优势。此外，随着成熟进程，所有品种中4-氨基丁酸均有积累。另一方面，乌头酸、胆碱和支链氨基酸呈现出品种依赖性趋势。例如，在特定品种成熟过程中，胆碱浓度显著增加。
这些发现有助于更深入地理解代谢适应性，并可能有助于识别更适合环境波动的品种。
