Salas-Treviño Daniel, Rodríguez-Rodríguez Arantxa N, Ramírez-Elizondo María T, Padilla-Orozco Magaly, Montoya-Hinojosa Edeer I, Bocanegra-Ibarias Paola, Flores-Treviño Samantha, Camacho-Ortiz Adrián
Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico.
Epidemiology Coordination, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico.
Infect Dis Rep. 2025 Aug 6;17(4):98. doi: 10.3390/idr17040098.
Hemodialysis catheter-related bloodstream infection (HD-CRBSIs) is a main cause of morbidity in hemodialysis. New preventive strategies have emerged, such as using lock solutions with antiseptic or antibiotic capacity. In this study, the antimicrobial effect was analyzed in vitro and with a catheter model of lock solutions of gentamicin (LSG), gentamicin/heparin (LSG/H), and gentamicin/citrate (LSG/C) in clinical and ATCC strains of and . The formation, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum inhibitory concentration of the biofilm and minimum biofilm eradication concentration of the lock solutions were determined. Additionally, colony-forming unit assays were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of the lock solutions in a hemodialysis catheter inoculation model. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of planktonic cells of both and for LSG/H and LSG/C was 4 µg/mL. In the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) tests, the LSG/H was less effective than LSG/C, requiring higher concentrations for inhibition, contrary to the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), where LSG/H was more effective. All lock solutions eradicated biofilms in the HD catheter model under standard conditions. Nevertheless, under modified conditions, the lock solutions were not as effective versus ATCC and clinical strains of . Our analysis shows that the lock solutions studied managed to eradicate intraluminal mature in non-tunneled HD catheters under standard conditions. Biofilm inhibition and eradication were observed at low gentamicin concentrations, which could optimize the gentamicin concentration in lock solutions used in HD catheters.
血液透析导管相关血流感染（HD-CRBSIs）是血液透析中发病的主要原因。新的预防策略已经出现，例如使用具有抗菌或抗生素能力的封管溶液。在本研究中，对庆大霉素封管溶液（LSG）、庆大霉素/肝素封管溶液（LSG/H）和庆大霉素/柠檬酸盐封管溶液（LSG/C）在临床菌株和美国典型培养物保藏中心（ATCC）菌株中的体外抗菌效果以及导管模型进行了分析。测定了封管溶液生物膜的形成、最低抑菌浓度、最低生物膜抑菌浓度和最低生物膜根除浓度。此外，进行了菌落形成单位测定，以评估封管溶液在血液透析导管接种模型中的抗菌效果。LSG/H和LSG/C对两种菌株浮游细胞的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）均为4μg/mL。在最低生物膜抑菌浓度（MBIC）试验中，LSG/H的效果不如LSG/C，抑制需要更高的浓度，这与最低生物膜根除浓度（MBEC）相反，在MBEC试验中LSG/H更有效。在标准条件下，所有封管溶液均能根除血液透析导管模型中的生物膜。然而，在改良条件下，封管溶液对ATCC菌株和临床菌株的效果不佳。我们的分析表明，所研究的封管溶液在标准条件下能够根除非隧道式血液透析导管内的成熟生物膜。在低庆大霉素浓度下观察到生物膜抑制和根除，这可以优化血液透析导管中使用的封管溶液的庆大霉素浓度。
