Sorrenti Luana, Imbesi Maria, Meduri Carmelo Francesco, Fumia Angelo, Filippello Pina
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy.
Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2025 Aug 14;15(8):160. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe15080160.
Adolescents' psychological well-being results from the interaction between individual traits, such as optimism and perfectionism, and contextual factors. According to the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), the living environment can promote well-being by fulfilling basic psychological needs. Perceived parental support or control may influence the satisfaction of these needs and the development of dispositional traits, with significant consequences on well-being. This study, conducted on a sample of Italian adolescents (N = 500, M = 18; SD = 0.7), aimed to explore the mediating role of dispositional optimism and both adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism in the relationship between perceived parental support and control and adolescents' well-being. Structural Equation Model (SEM) results showed that optimism mediated the relationship between paternal support and well-being (β = 0.029, = 0.05), while adaptive perfectionism mediated the effects of both maternal and paternal support on well-being (β = 0.062, < 0.001; β = 0.038, = 0.001). In contrast, maternal control had an indirect negative impact on well-being through dispositional optimism and maladaptive perfectionism (β = -0.045, = 0.012; β = -0.040, = 0.009), whereas paternal control was not significant. These findings underscore the importance of supportive parenting in promoting adolescent psychological well-being and the risks associated with excessive control.
青少年的心理健康源于个体特质（如乐观主义和完美主义）与环境因素之间的相互作用。根据自我决定理论（SDT），生活环境可以通过满足基本心理需求来促进幸福感。感知到的父母支持或控制可能会影响这些需求的满足以及性格特质的发展，对幸福感产生重大影响。本研究以意大利青少年为样本（N = 500，M = 18；SD = 0.7），旨在探讨性格乐观主义以及适应性和非适应性完美主义在感知到的父母支持与控制和青少年幸福感之间关系中的中介作用。结构方程模型（SEM）结果表明，乐观主义介导了父亲支持与幸福感之间的关系（β = 0.029， = 0.05），而适应性完美主义介导了母亲和父亲支持对幸福感的影响（β = 0.062， < 0.001；β = 0.038， = 0.001）。相比之下，母亲的控制通过性格乐观主义和非适应性完美主义对幸福感产生间接负面影响（β = -0.045， = 0.012；β = -0.040， = 0.009），而父亲的控制则不显著。这些发现强调了支持性育儿在促进青少年心理健康方面的重要性以及过度控制带来的风险。
