Fragoulis Christos, Spanorriga Maria-Kalliopi, Bega Irini, Prentakis Andreas, Kontogianni Evangelia, Tsioufis Panagiotis-Anastasios, Palkopoulou Myrto, Ntalakouras John, Iliakis Panagiotis, Leontsinis Ioannis, Dimitriadis Kyriakos, Polyzos Dimitris, Chrysochoou Christina, Politis Antonios, Tsioufis Konstantinos
First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 114 Vassilissis Sofias Avenue, 11527 Athens, Greece.
First Department of Psychiatry, Eginition Hospital, Vas. Sofias 72-74, 11528 Athens, Greece.
J Pers Med. 2025 Aug 4;15(8):355. doi: 10.3390/jpm15080355.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains Europe's leading cause of mortality, responsible for >45% of deaths. Beyond established risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, smoking, obesity), psychosocial elements-depression, anxiety, financial stress, personality traits, and trauma-significantly influence CVD development and progression. Behavioural Cardiology addresses this connection by systematically incorporating psychosocial factors into prevention and rehabilitation protocols. This review examines the HEARTBEAT model, developed by Greece's first Behavioural Cardiology Unit, which aligns with current European guidelines. The model serves dual purposes: primary prevention (targeting at-risk individuals) and secondary prevention (treating established CVD patients). It is a personalised medicine approach that integrates psychosocial profiling with traditional risk assessment, utilising tailored evaluation tools, caregiver input, and multidisciplinary collaboration to address personality traits, emotional states, socioeconomic circumstances, and cultural contexts. The model emphasises three critical implementation aspects: (1) digital health integration, (2) cost-effectiveness analysis, and (3) healthcare system adaptability. Compared to international approaches, it highlights research gaps in psychosocial interventions and advocates for culturally sensitive adaptations, particularly in resource-limited settings. Special consideration is given to older populations requiring tailored care strategies. Ultimately, Behavioural Cardiology represents a transformative systems-based approach bridging psychology, lifestyle medicine, and cardiovascular treatment. This integration may prove pivotal for optimising chronic disease management through personalised interventions that address both biological and psychosocial determinants of cardiovascular health.
心血管疾病（CVD）仍然是欧洲的主要死因，占死亡人数的45%以上。除了已确定的风险因素（高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、吸烟、肥胖）外，心理社会因素——抑郁、焦虑、经济压力、人格特质和创伤——对心血管疾病的发展和进展有显著影响。行为心脏病学通过将心理社会因素系统地纳入预防和康复方案来解决这种关联。本综述考察了希腊首个行为心脏病学单位开发的心跳模型，该模型与当前欧洲指南一致。该模型有双重目的：一级预防（针对高危个体）和二级预防（治疗已确诊的心血管疾病患者）。它是一种个性化医疗方法，将心理社会剖析与传统风险评估相结合，利用定制的评估工具、护理人员的意见和多学科合作来处理人格特质、情绪状态、社会经济状况和文化背景。该模型强调三个关键的实施方面：（1）数字健康整合，（2）成本效益分析，（3）医疗系统适应性。与国际方法相比，它突出了心理社会干预方面的研究差距，并倡导进行文化敏感的调整，特别是在资源有限的环境中。特别考虑了需要量身定制护理策略的老年人群体。最终，行为心脏病学代表了一种变革性的基于系统的方法，架起了心理学、生活方式医学和心血管治疗之间的桥梁。这种整合可能对于通过针对心血管健康的生物和心理社会决定因素的个性化干预来优化慢性病管理至关重要。
