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对波斯湾海滩沙真菌群落的洞察:真菌多样性中的前景与挑战

Insights into Persian Gulf Beach Sand Mycobiomes: Promises and Challenges in Fungal Diversity.

作者信息

Saravani Abolfazl, Brandão João, Ahmadi Bahram, Rezaei-Matehkolaei Ali, Hedayati Mohammad Taghi, Abastabar Mahdi, Zarrinfar Hossein, Nabili Mojtaba, Faeli Leila, Javidnia Javad, Parsay Shima, Abtahian Zahra, Moazeni Maryam, Badali Hamid

机构信息

Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4815733971, Iran.

Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal.

出版信息

J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Jul 26;11(8):554. doi: 10.3390/jof11080554.

Abstract

Beach Sand Mycobiome is currently among the most important health challenges for viticulture in the world. Remarkably, the study of fungal communities in coastal beach sand and recreational waters remains underexplored despite their potential implications for human health. This research aimed to assess the prevalence of fungal species and the antifungal susceptibility profiles of fungi recovered from the beaches of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman. Sand and seawater samples from 39 stations distributed within 13 beaches along the coastline were collected between May and July 2023. The grown isolates were identified at the species level based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequencing. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Of 222 recovered isolates, 206 (92.8%) filamentous fungi and 16 (7.2%) yeast strains were identified. Sand-recovered fungi comprised 82.9%, while water-originated fungi accounted for 17.1%. The DNA sequencing technique categorized 191 isolates into 13 genera and 26 species. The most recovered genus was (68.9%), and was the commonly identified species (26.14%). Voriconazole was the most effective antifungal drug against species. Research on fungal contamination levels at these locations could provide a foundation for establishing regulatory frameworks to diminish fungal risks, thereby enhancing public health protection. The ecological significance of fungal communities in sandy beaches to human infections remains to be explored, and earlier reports in the literature may motivate researchers to focus on detecting this mycobiome in natural environments where further investigation is warranted. Ultimately, our discovery serves as a reminder that much remains to be learned about pathogenic fungi and underscores the need for vigilance in areas where emerging pathogens have not yet been identified.

摘要

海滩沙真菌群落目前是全球葡萄栽培面临的最重要健康挑战之一。值得注意的是,尽管沿海海滩沙和休闲水域中的真菌群落对人类健康可能有影响,但对其的研究仍未得到充分探索。本研究旨在评估从波斯湾和阿曼海海滩分离出的真菌物种的流行情况及其抗真菌药敏谱。2023年5月至7月期间,从沿海岸线的13个海滩内分布的39个站点采集了沙子和海水样本。根据形态特征和DNA测序在种水平上鉴定培养出的分离株。根据临床实验室标准协会指南进行抗真菌药敏试验。在回收的222株分离株中,鉴定出206株(92.8%)丝状真菌和16株(7.2%)酵母菌株。从沙子中分离出的真菌占82.9%,而源自水的真菌占17.1%。DNA测序技术将191株分离株分为13个属和26个种。回收最多的属是(68.9%),最常见的鉴定种是(26.14%)。伏立康唑是针对种最有效的抗真菌药物。对这些地点真菌污染水平的研究可为建立监管框架以降低真菌风险提供基础,从而加强公共卫生保护。沙滩真菌群落对人类感染的生态意义仍有待探索,文献中较早的报道可能促使研究人员专注于在有必要进一步调查的自然环境中检测这种真菌群落。最终,我们的发现提醒人们,关于致病真菌仍有许多有待了解之处,并强调在尚未发现新出现病原体的地区保持警惕的必要性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a73a/12387288/f2b6f26ca37e/jof-11-00554-g001.jpg

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