Chu Stephanie, Chu Chun Hung, Chan Alice Kit Ying
Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Geriatrics (Basel). 2025 Jul 22;10(4):97. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics10040097.
Periodontal disease is a common and serious oral disease among older adults. As the global older population increases, preventing periodontal disease is vital for healthy ageing. Poor oral hygiene, uncontrolled diabetes, and smoking are key risk factors of periodontal disease. Improving oral hygiene, diabetes management, and quitting smoking are essential health behavioural change interventions to manage periodontal disease. The objective of this study is to review the prevention of periodontal disease among older adults through health behavioural change interventions. Effective strategies to improve oral hygiene include personalised education on proper brushing and interdental cleaning. Educating caregivers is equally important as they supervise care-dependent older adults to maintain oral health. For those with diabetes, physical activity improves glycated haemoglobin levels and clinical periodontal parameters by reducing reactive oxygen species and systemic inflammation. Smoking cessation could be achieved through a multi-faceted approach. Effective smoking cessation combines brief interventions with intensive behavioural/pharmacological support for long-term success, especially in highly dependent individuals. Tailored strategies for older adults, integrated care, and expanded research improve outcomes and health equity in ageing populations. In conclusion, health behavioural change interventions are non-invasive preventive measures that include oral hygiene reinforcement, diabetic management, and smoking cessation. Prioritising these interventions empowers older adults to maintain oral health, reducing disease burden and enhancing overall well-being for healthy ageing.
牙周病是老年人中一种常见且严重的口腔疾病。随着全球老年人口的增加，预防牙周病对健康老龄化至关重要。口腔卫生差、糖尿病控制不佳和吸烟是牙周病的关键风险因素。改善口腔卫生、糖尿病管理和戒烟是管理牙周病必不可少的健康行为改变干预措施。本研究的目的是通过健康行为改变干预措施来综述老年人牙周病的预防。改善口腔卫生的有效策略包括关于正确刷牙和牙间隙清洁的个性化教育。教育护理人员同样重要，因为他们监督需要护理的老年人保持口腔健康。对于糖尿病患者，体育活动通过减少活性氧和全身炎症来改善糖化血红蛋白水平和临床牙周参数。戒烟可以通过多方面的方法实现。有效的戒烟将简短干预与强化行为/药物支持相结合以取得长期成功，尤其是在高度依赖吸烟的个体中。针对老年人的量身定制策略、综合护理和扩大研究可改善老年人群的结果和健康公平性。总之，健康行为改变干预措施是非侵入性预防措施，包括加强口腔卫生、糖尿病管理和戒烟。优先考虑这些干预措施能使老年人保持口腔健康，减轻疾病负担并增强健康老龄化的整体幸福感。
