Bilgin Doğru Elif, Erdem Selçuk, Oğuz Soydinç Hilal, İribaş Ayça, Duranyıldız Derya
Department of Basic Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey.
Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Urology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2025 Aug 13;47(8):648. doi: 10.3390/cimb47080648.
Prostate cancer is a clinically heterogeneous disease. Since PSA is not cancer-specific, and due to the bone metastases seen in the advanced stage and bone deformations caused by hormone therapy, it is necessary to use new biomarkers. Formin-like-protein 1 (FMNL1), a member of the formin protein family, is of great importance in actin polymerization, cell attachment, and migration processes. p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) proteins, members of the PAK protein kinases, play a role in cytoskeletal organization, as well as regulating other cellular activities such as cell survival, mitosis, and transcription. In our study, plasma and urine samples of 60 prostate cancer patients and 20 healthy controls were studied using RT-PCR and ELISA methods. No statistical difference was found between FMNL1 mRNA and protein expression levels of patients and controls in both plasma and urine samples ( > 0.05). There was no statistical difference between PAK1 mRNA expression levels of patients and controls in plasma and urine samples ( > 0.05). While no significant difference was found in PAK1 protein levels in plasma samples ( > 0.05), it was found to be lower in urine samples of patients compared to the control group ( = 0.00). Both marker molecules have low expression levels in early-stage PCa.
前列腺癌是一种临床异质性疾病。由于前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）并非癌症特异性标志物，且鉴于晚期出现的骨转移以及激素治疗导致的骨变形，有必要使用新的生物标志物。formin样蛋白1（FMNL1）是formin蛋白家族的成员，在肌动蛋白聚合、细胞附着和迁移过程中具有重要作用。p21激活激酶1（PAK1）蛋白是PAK蛋白激酶家族的成员，在细胞骨架组织中发挥作用，并调节其他细胞活动，如细胞存活、有丝分裂和转录。在我们的研究中，使用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法对60例前列腺癌患者和20例健康对照者的血浆和尿液样本进行了研究。在血浆和尿液样本中，患者和对照者的FMNL1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平之间均未发现统计学差异（P>0.05）。在血浆和尿液样本中，患者和对照者的PAK1 mRNA表达水平之间也没有统计学差异（P>0.05）。虽然血浆样本中PAK1蛋白水平未发现显著差异（P>0.05），但与对照组相比，患者尿液样本中的PAK1蛋白水平较低（P = 0.00）。这两种标志物分子在早期前列腺癌中的表达水平均较低。
