Gobbi Elena, Pagnoni Ilaria, Campana Elena, Manenti Rosa, Cotelli Maria
Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni, 4, 25125 Brescia, Italy.
Brain Sci. 2025 Aug 5;15(8):839. doi: 10.3390/brainsci15080839.
: In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the application of repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation (tDCS) to enhance and rehabilitate the language abilities in individuals with neurodegenerative diseases. : The aim of this narrative literature review is to investigate the usefulness of rTMS and tDCS to improve language abilities in people with Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA). : This narrative literature review was conducted through a search of the PubMed online database to identify studies investigating the effects of multiple sessions of rTMS or tDCS on language abilities in PPA patients, applied either as stand-alone interventions or in combination with language treatment. : Thirty-three studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria; five studies employed rTMS without language treatment; two studies applied tDCS as stand-alone intervention; twenty-two studies combined tDCS with language treatment; and four studies assessed the effects of tDCS during verbal task without language treatment. : rTMS and tDCS applied with or without concomitant language treatment appear to be promising interventions for enhancing language abilities in PPA, with sustained effects reported over time. Further research is necessary to optimise stimulation protocols and to improve our understanding of their long-term effects. Moreover, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with larger sample sizes are critically needed to clarify the true impact of brain stimulation in PPA, with a focus on changes in cognitive and functional performance, neural activity, and potential molecular correlates.
近年来，人们对应用重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）和经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）来增强和恢复神经退行性疾病患者的语言能力越来越感兴趣。本叙述性文献综述的目的是研究rTMS和tDCS对改善原发性进行性失语症（PPA）患者语言能力的有效性。本叙述性文献综述通过检索PubMed在线数据库进行，以识别研究多次rTMS或tDCS治疗对PPA患者语言能力影响的研究，这些治疗既可作为单独干预措施应用，也可与语言治疗相结合应用。33项研究符合纳入标准；5项研究采用rTMS且未进行语言治疗；2项研究将tDCS作为单独干预措施应用；22项研究将tDCS与语言治疗相结合；4项研究在无语言治疗的言语任务期间评估了tDCS的效果。无论是否伴随语言治疗应用rTMS和tDCS，似乎都是增强PPA患者语言能力的有前景的干预措施，且有随着时间推移持续有效的报道。有必要进一步开展研究以优化刺激方案，并增进我们对其长期效果的理解。此外，迫切需要开展更大样本量的随机对照试验（RCT），以阐明脑刺激对PPA的真正影响，重点关注认知和功能表现、神经活动以及潜在分子关联的变化。
