Miklósi Márta, Kovács Karolina Eszter
Institute of Education and Cultural Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
Department of Counselling, Developmental and School Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 Aug 1;15(8):1044. doi: 10.3390/bs15081044.
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, frequently observed in juvenile offenders. This systematic review explores the interplay between ADHD and juvenile delinquency, focusing on behavioural, psychological, and social dimensions. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature review was conducted using EBSCO Discovery Service, Science Direct, PubMed, and snowballing techniques. Studies meeting specific inclusion criteria, including juvenile offenders diagnosed with ADHD and comparisons to non-offender or non-ADHD control groups, were analysed. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tools. A total of 21 studies were included, highlighting significant associations between ADHD and juvenile delinquency. ADHD symptoms, especially impulsivity and emotional dysregulation, were linked to an earlier onset of offending and higher rates of property crimes. Comorbidities such as conduct disorder, substance use disorder, and depression exacerbated these behaviours. Sociodemographic factors like low education levels and adverse family environments were also critical modifiers. Early intervention and tailored treatment approaches were emphasised to address these challenges. The findings underscore the need for early diagnosis, individualised treatment, and integrative rehabilitation programmes within the juvenile justice system to mitigate long-term risks and promote social inclusion.
注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）是一种神经发育障碍，其特征为注意力不集中、多动和冲动，在青少年罪犯中经常出现。本系统评价探讨了ADHD与青少年犯罪之间的相互作用，重点关注行为、心理和社会层面。按照PRISMA指南，使用EBSCO发现服务、科学Direct、PubMed以及滚雪球技术进行了系统的文献综述。对符合特定纳入标准的研究进行了分析，这些标准包括诊断为ADHD的青少年罪犯以及与非罪犯或非ADHD对照组的比较。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的评估工具评估研究的方法学质量。共纳入21项研究，突出了ADHD与青少年犯罪之间的显著关联。ADHD症状，尤其是冲动和情绪失调，与更早开始犯罪以及更高的财产犯罪率有关。品行障碍、物质使用障碍和抑郁症等共病加剧了这些行为。低教育水平和不良家庭环境等社会人口学因素也是关键的调节因素。强调了早期干预和量身定制的治疗方法以应对这些挑战。研究结果强调了在青少年司法系统中进行早期诊断、个体化治疗和综合康复计划的必要性，以减轻长期风险并促进社会包容。
