Roșu Răzvan-Dragoș, Morar Adriana, Ban-Cucerzan Alexandra, Imre Mirela, Popa Sebastian Alexandru, Pătrînjan Răzvan-Tudor, Pocinoc Alexandra, Imre Kálmán
Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2025 Aug 2;14(8):787. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics14080787.
: is a major pathogen of concern in raw milk due to its potential to cause foodborne illness and its increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Romania, data on the occurrence and resistance patterns of in raw sheep milk from traditional farming systems remain limited. This study investigated the presence and antimicrobial resistance of in 106 raw sheep milk samples collected from traditional farms in the Banat region of western Romania. : Coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) were enumerated using ISO 6888-1:2021 protocols. Isolates were identified at the species level using the Vitek 2 system and molecularly confirmed via PCR targeting the 16S rDNA and genes. Methicillin resistance was assessed by detecting the gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the Vitek 2 AST-GP79 card. : CPS were detected in 69 samples, with confirmed in 34.9%. The gene was identified in 13.5% of isolates, indicating the presence of methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Resistance to at least two antimicrobials was observed in 97.3% of isolates, and 33 strains (89.2%) met the criteria for multidrug resistance (MDR). The most frequent MDR phenotype involved resistance to lincomycin, macrolides, β-lactams, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides. : The high prevalence of , including MRSA and MDR strains, in raw sheep milk from traditional farms represents a potential public health risk, particularly in regions where unpasteurized dairy consumption persists. These findings underscore the need for enhanced hygiene practices, prudent antimicrobial use, and AMR monitoring in small-scale dairy systems.
由于其具有引发食源性疾病的可能性及其日益增加的抗菌药物耐药性（AMR），[具体细菌名称未给出]是生牛奶中一个备受关注的主要病原体。在罗马尼亚，关于传统养殖系统中生羊乳中[具体细菌名称未给出]的发生情况和耐药模式的数据仍然有限。本研究调查了从罗马尼亚西部巴纳特地区的传统农场采集的106份生羊乳样品中[具体细菌名称未给出]的存在情况及其抗菌药物耐药性。方法：使用ISO 6888 - 1:2021协议对凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌（CPS）进行计数。使用Vitek 2系统在种水平上鉴定分离株，并通过靶向16S rDNA和[具体基因名称未给出]基因的PCR进行分子确认。通过检测[具体基因名称未给出]基因评估耐甲氧西林情况。使用Vitek 2 AST - GP79卡测定抗菌药物敏感性。结果：在69份样品中检测到CPS，其中[具体细菌名称未给出]在34.9%的样品中得到确认。在13.5%的[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株中鉴定出[具体基因名称未给出]基因，表明存在耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）。在97.3%的分离株中观察到对至少两种抗菌药物的耐药性，33株（89.2%）符合多重耐药（MDR）标准。最常见的MDR表型涉及对林可霉素、大环内酯类、β - 内酰胺类、四环素类和氨基糖苷类的耐药性。结论：在传统农场的生羊乳中，包括MRSA和MDR菌株在内的[具体细菌名称未给出]的高流行率代表了潜在的公共卫生风险，特别是在仍存在未巴氏杀菌乳制品消费的地区。这些发现强调了在小规模乳制品系统中加强卫生措施、谨慎使用抗菌药物和进行AMR监测的必要性。
