Ortega-Romero Manolo, Lima Elodia Rojas, Barbier Olivier C, Aztatzi-Aguilar Octavio Gamaliel, Rubio-Gutiérrez Juan Carlos, Morales Juana Narváez, García Mariela Esparza, Barrera-Hernández Ángel, Jiménez-Córdova Mónica I, Del Razo Luz María, Mendez-Hernández Pablo, Medeiros Mara
Unidad de Investigación en Salud en el Trabajo, Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico.
Departamento de Toxicología, CINVESTAV IPN, Ciudad de Mexico 07360, Mexico.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Aug 18;26(16):7980. doi: 10.3390/ijms26167980.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health issue linked to toxic elements like cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg), which harm the kidneys even at low exposure levels. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) imbalances could exacerbate inflammation, oxidative stress, and kidney damage because the Cu/Zn ratio could be a critical marker of renal dysfunction. The study evaluated 914 adolescents aged 11-18 through urine samples to assess the presence of kidney damage biomarkers (OPN, KIM-1, CLU, NGAL, and Cys-C) by using Luminex Magpix and trace metals (Cd, Hg, Cu, Zn) by using ICP-mass. Overweight (18.71%) and obesity (12.58%) rates were noted. Cd and Cu showed positive correlations with kidney damage biomarkers, while Zn exhibited protective effects. Regression models indicated that Cd exposure increased kidney damage markers, emphasizing the importance of Cu/Zn ratio. Environmental exposure to Cd affects kidney health even at low levels, as the Cu/Zn ratio correlates with kidney damage markers in low-Cd exposure, suggesting that the Cu/Zn ratio could participate in the nephrotoxicity process, highlighting trace element imbalance as a potential predictor of kidney function decline.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，与镉（Cd）和汞（Hg）等有毒元素有关，即使在低暴露水平下这些元素也会损害肾脏。铜（Cu）和锌（Zn）失衡可能会加剧炎症、氧化应激和肾脏损伤，因为铜/锌比值可能是肾功能障碍的一个关键指标。该研究通过尿液样本对914名11至18岁的青少年进行了评估，使用Luminex Magpix检测肾脏损伤生物标志物（骨桥蛋白、肾损伤分子-1、簇集素、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白和胱抑素-C）的存在情况，并使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测痕量金属（镉、汞、铜、锌）。超重率（18.71%）和肥胖率（12.58%）被记录下来。镉和铜与肾脏损伤生物标志物呈正相关，而锌则具有保护作用。回归模型表明，镉暴露会增加肾脏损伤标志物，强调了铜/锌比值的重要性。即使在低水平下，环境镉暴露也会影响肾脏健康，因为在低镉暴露情况下铜/锌比值与肾脏损伤标志物相关，这表明铜/锌比值可能参与了肾毒性过程，突出了微量元素失衡作为肾功能下降潜在预测指标的作用。
