Lile Ioana Elena, Hajaj Tareq, Constantin George Dumitru, Niculescu Serban Talpos, Marian Diana, Stana Otilia, Zaharia Cristian, Veja Ioana
Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania.
Department of Prostheses Technology and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
J Clin Med. 2025 Aug 8;14(16):5612. doi: 10.3390/jcm14165612.
Bruxism is a common parafunctional activity involving repetitive jaw muscle movements during wakefulness (awake bruxism) or sleep (sleep bruxism). While its multifactorial etiology is widely accepted, the roles of occlusal interferences, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction, stress, and sleep-related breathing disturbances remain under investigation. : This cross-sectional study evaluated associations between bruxism and occlusal discrepancies, TMJ symptoms, stress, and sleep-related variables (snoring and obstructive sleep apnea, OSA) in Romanian adults. : Ninety-eight adults (mean age: 30.4 ± 8.9 years) completed a structured questionnaire reviewed for content validity and pilot-tested for clarity but not formally validated. Participants were categorized into bruxism ( = 51) and control ( = 47) groups. Variables assessed included bruxism type, TMJ symptoms, occlusal interferences, stress, snoring, OSA, and parafunctional habits. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. : Sleep bruxism was predominant (88%), with 59% classified as sleep-only bruxers. Occlusal discrepancies (46% vs. 14%, < 0.001), TMJ symptoms (joint pain: 38% vs. 8%; fatigue: 44% vs. 10%), and habitual snoring (60% vs. 22%, < 0.001) were significantly more common among bruxers. No significant difference was observed in OSA prevalence. Independent predictors of bruxism included occlusal interferences (adjusted OR = 4.7, = 0.009), TMJ symptoms (adjusted OR = 6.5, = 0.002), and habitual snoring (adjusted OR = 4.1, = 0.016). : Bruxism was significantly associated with occlusal interferences, TMJ dysfunction, and habitual snoring, supporting the need for multifactorial assessment and integrated clinical management. Limitations: This study relied on self-reported bruxism classification and a non-validated questionnaire instrument, which may limit generalizability and diagnostic accuracy.
磨牙症是一种常见的副功能活动，涉及清醒时（清醒性磨牙症）或睡眠时（睡眠性磨牙症）反复的颌面部肌肉运动。虽然其多因素病因已被广泛接受，但咬合干扰、颞下颌关节（TMJ）功能障碍、压力和睡眠相关呼吸障碍的作用仍在研究中。：这项横断面研究评估了罗马尼亚成年人中磨牙症与咬合差异、颞下颌关节症状、压力和睡眠相关变量（打鼾和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停，OSA）之间的关联。：98名成年人（平均年龄：30.4±8.9岁）完成了一份经过内容效度审查和清晰度预测试但未进行正式验证的结构化问卷。参与者被分为磨牙症组（n = 51）和对照组（n = 47）。评估的变量包括磨牙症类型、颞下颌关节症状、咬合干扰、压力、打鼾、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和副功能习惯。进行了双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。：睡眠性磨牙症占主导（88%），59%被归类为仅睡眠磨牙者。咬合差异（46%对14%，P < 0.001）、颞下颌关节症状（关节疼痛：38%对8%；疲劳：44%对10%）和习惯性打鼾（60%对22%，P < 0.001）在磨牙症患者中明显更为常见。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患病率未观察到显著差异。磨牙症的独立预测因素包括咬合干扰（调整后的OR = 4.7，P = 0.009）、颞下颌关节症状（调整后的OR = 6.5，P = 0.002）和习惯性打鼾（调整后的OR = 4.1，P = 0.016）。：磨牙症与咬合干扰、颞下颌关节功能障碍和习惯性打鼾显著相关，支持多因素评估和综合临床管理的必要性。局限性：本研究依赖自我报告的磨牙症分类和未经验证的问卷工具，这可能会限制普遍性和诊断准确性。
