Huang Lijun, Xu Yafen, Xiao Ziyi, Liu Yunfeng, Luo Fen
Department of Orthodontics, Changsha Stomatological Hospital, 168 Huangxing Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, China.
School of Stomatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China.
Head Face Med. 2025 Feb 26;21(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s13005-025-00490-0.
This study investigated the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in patients with malocclusion through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
A comprehensive literature search was conducted up to November 15, 2024. Cross-sectional studies providing data on TMD prevalence among malocclusion patients were included. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis, with subgroup and meta-regression analyses to explore heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate result robustness.
Thirty-two studies were included, showing an overall TMD prevalence of 43% (95% CI: 35%-50%; I = 97.9%). Prevalence was higher in females (44%) than males (33%) and in adults (42%) than adolescents (39%). Among malocclusion types, Class II (40%) and posterior unilateral crossbite (59%) had the highest TMD prevalence. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of findings, though diagnostic criteria variations contributed to heterogeneity.
The prevalence of TMD in malocclusion patients was 43%, with higher rates in females, adults, and specific malocclusion types such as Class II, open bite, overjet, and crossbite. Variations in diagnostic criteria and malocclusion classification contributed to heterogeneity, emphasizing the need to consider individual patient characteristics when assessing TMD risk. Standardized diagnostic criteria, representative sampling, and multilingual search strategies are essential for future research to minimize bias and improve data reliability.
本研究通过系统评价和荟萃分析调查错牙合畸形患者颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）的患病率。
截至2024年11月15日进行了全面的文献检索。纳入提供错牙合畸形患者TMD患病率数据的横断面研究。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）检查表评估研究质量。采用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析，并进行亚组分析和元回归分析以探讨异质性。进行敏感性分析以评估结果的稳健性。
纳入32项研究，显示TMD总体患病率为43%（95%CI：35%-50%；I² = 97.9%）。女性（44%）的患病率高于男性（33%），成年人（42%）的患病率高于青少年（39%）。在错牙合畸形类型中，安氏II类（40%）和后牙单侧反牙合（59%）的TMD患病率最高。敏感性分析证实了研究结果的稳健性，尽管诊断标准的差异导致了异质性。
错牙合畸形患者中TMD的患病率为43%，女性、成年人以及安氏II类、开牙合、覆盖、反牙合等特定错牙合畸形类型的患病率更高。诊断标准和错牙合畸形分类的差异导致了异质性，强调在评估TMD风险时需要考虑个体患者特征。标准化的诊断标准、代表性抽样和多语言检索策略对于未来研究至关重要，以尽量减少偏倚并提高数据可靠性。
