Botas Gonçalo, Pires Sara, Fonseca Cesar, Ramos Ana
Local Health Unit of Lezírias, 2005-177 Santarém, Portugal.
Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Nursing School of Lisbon (ESEL), 1600-190 Lisbon, Portugal.
J Clin Med. 2025 Aug 16;14(16):5804. doi: 10.3390/jcm14165804.
: Family caregivers in palliative care often face complex physical, emotional, and logistical challenges, which can result in a significant caregiving burden. Dyadic interventions-designed to support both the patient and the caregiver simultaneously-have emerged as a promising holistic approach to enhancing well-being and quality of life. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of dyadic support interventions in reducing caregiver burden among middle-aged and older adults receiving palliative care. : A systematic literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines across five databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar for grey literature) covering the period from 2019 to January 2025. : Of 653 records identified, 8 studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions were typically delivered by multidisciplinary teams and included weekly in-person consultations, telephone follow-up, telemedicine, physical exercise sessions, laughter therapy, and music therapy over durations ranging from 16 weeks to 6 months. These programs resulted in reduced anxiety and depressive symptoms (PHQ-4, HADS, SDS, BAI, SAS), improved functional and social performance (SF-36), and/or enhanced quality of life (MQLQ, QOL-AD, KCCQ-12, EORTC QLQ-C30). In patients, they contributed to better symptom control (ESAS, CFS), while in caregivers, they effectively reduced burden (ZBI-12, FCBSI, CBI) and/or supported the anticipatory grief process (PGQ, AGS). However, not all studies reported consistently positive outcomes. : Structured dyadic interventions that involve both patients and caregivers significantly improve outcomes in palliative care for middle-aged and older adults. Future research should examine their long-term impact and explore the integration of artificial intelligence to optimize intervention delivery.
姑息治疗中的家庭照护者常常面临复杂的身体、情感和后勤方面的挑战，这可能导致巨大的照护负担。旨在同时支持患者和照护者的二元干预措施，已成为一种有前景的整体方法，以增进幸福感和生活质量。本系统评价旨在评估二元支持干预措施对减轻接受姑息治疗的中老年人照护者负担的效果。：按照PRISMA指南，在五个数据库（CINAHL、MEDLINE、科学网、Scopus以及用于灰色文献的谷歌学术）中进行了系统的文献检索，涵盖2019年至2025年1月期间。：在识别出的653条记录中，8项研究符合纳入标准。干预措施通常由多学科团队提供，包括每周的面对面咨询、电话随访、远程医疗、体育锻炼课程、欢笑疗法和音乐疗法，持续时间从16周至6个月不等。这些项目导致焦虑和抑郁症状减轻（PHQ - 4、HADS、SDS、BAI、SAS），功能和社会表现改善（SF - 36），和/或生活质量提高（MQLQ、QOL - AD、KCCQ - 12、EORTC QLQ - C30）。在患者中，有助于更好地控制症状（ESAS、CFS），而在照护者中，有效减轻负担（ZBI - 12、FCBSI、CBI）和/或支持预期悲伤过程（PGQ、AGS）。然而，并非所有研究都报告了一致的积极结果。：涉及患者和照护者的结构化二元干预措施显著改善了中老年人姑息治疗的结果。未来的研究应考察其长期影响，并探索整合人工智能以优化干预措施的实施。
