Lemaire G A, Meisch R A
J Exp Anal Behav. 1985 Nov;44(3):377-89. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1985.44-377.
During daily 3-hr sessions, 5 rhesus monkeys drank drug solutions and water that were concurrently available. The drug solutions were: 1 milligram per milliliter (mg/mL) pentobarbital (2 monkeys), 1 mg/mL pentobarbital plus 0.5% ethanol (1 monkey), 1 mg/mL pentobarbital plus 1% ethanol (1 monkey), and 8% ethanol (1 monkey). The drug solution and water were available under identical two-component tandem fixed-ratio continuous-reinforcement N schedules. Two variables were manipulated: the size of the fixed-ratio component and the number of liquid deliveries (N) in the second component. Deliveries of the drug solution maintained higher rates of responding than did deliveries of the drug vehicle, water. The number of drug deliveries per session increased with increases in the number of deliveries per fixed ratio and decreased with increases in fixed-ratio size. Analysis of the results in terms of the proportion of deliveries to responses showed that the number of drug deliveries per session was directly related to the size of this quotient. Finally, when fixed-ratio size was repeatedly doubled, the following orderly relationship emerged: The greater the number of available drug deliveries per fixed ratio, the less was the percent decrease in the number of fixed ratios completed per session. It was concluded that increases in the number of liquid deliveries per fixed ratio resulted in increases in reinforcing efficacy.
在每天3小时的实验过程中，5只恒河猴同时饮用药物溶液和水。药物溶液分别为：每毫升1毫克（mg/mL）的戊巴比妥（2只猴子）、每毫升1毫克戊巴比妥加0.5%乙醇（1只猴子）、每毫升1毫克戊巴比妥加1%乙醇（1只猴子）以及8%乙醇（1只猴子）。药物溶液和水在相同的双成分串联固定比率连续强化N程序下提供。操纵了两个变量：固定比率成分的大小以及第二个成分中的液体递送次数（N）。药物溶液的递送维持的反应速率高于药物载体（水）的递送。每次实验中药物递送的次数随着每个固定比率递送次数的增加而增加，随着固定比率大小的增加而减少。根据递送次数与反应次数的比例对结果进行分析表明，每次实验中药物递送的次数与此商数的大小直接相关。最后，当固定比率大小反复加倍时，出现了以下有序关系：每个固定比率中可用药物递送的次数越多，每次实验中完成的固定比率减少的百分比就越小。得出的结论是，每个固定比率中液体递送次数的增加导致强化效力的增加。
