Smith A, Roberts D C
Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1995 Aug;120(3):341-6. doi: 10.1007/BF02311182.
Oral self-administration of sweetened nicotine solutions in rats was studied in two ways. In the first experiment, one group had continuous access to a water bottle containing a sucrose solution and nicotine (10 micrograms/ml), while another group had access to an identical sucrose solution without nicotine. All rats had continuous access to water. While consumption of nicotine increased with increasing concentrations of sucrose, consumption of the sucrose+nicotine solution never exceeded the intake of sucrose alone. In subsequent experiments, the delivery of the solutions was made contingent upon an operant response. The sucrose+nicotine solution was found to maintain responding to higher response/reinforcer ratios than the sucrose only solution. These data demonstrate that rats will self-administer sweetened nicotine solutions and that sucrose+nicotine solutions are more reinforcing than sucrose solutions alone. Free access consumption is not a good predictor of the response maintaining properties of nicotine solutions.
通过两种方式对大鼠口服甜味尼古丁溶液进行了研究。在第一个实验中，一组大鼠可以持续获取装有蔗糖溶液和尼古丁（10微克/毫升）的水瓶，而另一组大鼠则可以获取不含尼古丁的相同蔗糖溶液。所有大鼠都可以持续获取水。虽然随着蔗糖浓度的增加，尼古丁的摄入量也会增加，但蔗糖+尼古丁溶液的摄入量从未超过单独蔗糖的摄入量。在随后的实验中，溶液的供应取决于操作性反应。结果发现，与仅含蔗糖的溶液相比，蔗糖+尼古丁溶液能使大鼠对更高的反应/强化物比率保持反应。这些数据表明，大鼠会自行服用甜味尼古丁溶液，且蔗糖+尼古丁溶液比单独的蔗糖溶液更具强化作用。自由获取时的消耗量并不能很好地预测尼古丁溶液维持反应的特性。
