Mogoantă Carmen Aurelia, Sarafoleanu Codruț, Osman Andrei, Enache Irina, Tarabichi Shirley, Busuioc Constantin-Ioan, Liliac Ilona Mihaela, Iovanescu Dan, Tănase Ionuţ
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2025 Aug 1;61(8):1406. doi: 10.3390/medicina61081406.
: Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare monoclonal B-cell neoplasm that typically affects the head and neck region, with a predilection for the sinonasal tract. Clinical presentation is often nonspecific, leading to delayed diagnosis. This study aims to improve our understanding of sinonasal EMP by reviewing the recent literature and presenting a case series from our clinical experience. : A systematic review of published cases of sinonasal EMP from 2000 to 2023 was conducted using the PubMed database, yielding 28 eligible cases. Additionally, we retrospectively analyzed three patients diagnosed and treated at our institutions. Inclusion criteria included histologically and immunohistochemically confirmed EMP without evidence of systemic multiple myeloma. Data on demographics, tumor location, symptoms, treatment, and outcomes were collected and analyzed descriptively. : Sinonasal EMP most commonly presented with unilateral nasal obstruction and epistaxis. Tumors were primarily located in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, often extending beyond a single anatomical site. In the literature cohort, the most frequent treatment was combined surgery and radiotherapy (35.71%), followed by radiotherapy alone (17.86%). Recurrence was reported in 10.71% of cases, and 7.14% of patients died due to disease progression. All three patients in our case series underwent surgical excision; two received postoperative radiotherapy. No recurrences or progression to multiple myeloma were observed during follow-up (12-24 months). : Sinonasal EMP is a rare but radiosensitive tumor with a favorable prognosis when treated with surgery and/or radiotherapy. Early diagnosis, histopathological confirmation, and exclusion of systemic disease are essential. Multidisciplinary management and long-term follow-up are critical due to the risk of recurrence and transformation into multiple myeloma.
髓外浆细胞瘤（EMP）是一种罕见的单克隆B细胞肿瘤，通常累及头颈部区域，尤其好发于鼻窦道。临床表现往往缺乏特异性，导致诊断延迟。本研究旨在通过回顾近期文献并展示我们临床经验中的病例系列，以增进我们对鼻窦EMP的了解。：使用PubMed数据库对2000年至2023年已发表的鼻窦EMP病例进行系统综述，共获得28例符合条件的病例。此外，我们回顾性分析了在我们机构诊断和治疗的3例患者。纳入标准包括经组织学和免疫组织化学证实的EMP，且无系统性多发性骨髓瘤的证据。收集了人口统计学、肿瘤位置、症状、治疗和结局等数据，并进行描述性分析。：鼻窦EMP最常见的表现为单侧鼻塞和鼻出血。肿瘤主要位于鼻腔和鼻窦，常超出单一解剖部位。在文献队列中，最常见的治疗方法是手术联合放疗（35.71%），其次是单纯放疗（17.86%）。报告的复发率为10.71%，7.14%的患者因疾病进展死亡。我们病例系列中的3例患者均接受了手术切除；2例接受了术后放疗。随访期间（12 - 24个月）未观察到复发或进展为多发性骨髓瘤的情况。：鼻窦EMP是一种罕见但对放疗敏感的肿瘤，手术和/或放疗治疗后预后良好。早期诊断、组织病理学证实以及排除系统性疾病至关重要。由于存在复发和转化为多发性骨髓瘤的风险，多学科管理和长期随访至关重要。
