Han Yulei, Yang Chenlu, Tian Xuelin, Shi Xueqing, Wang Hua, Li Hua
College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
Foods. 2025 Aug 14;14(16):2823. doi: 10.3390/foods14162823.
With the development of people's diets and working patterns, obesity is an increasingly serious health threat faced globally. Grape pomace is an important by-product generated during the wine production process which is rich in polyphenols. Polyphenols show promising potential in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic regulatory applications. Nevertheless, the effects of grape pomace polyphenols on obesity alleviation and their underlying mechanisms require further investigation. The results of this study indicate that grape pomace polyphenols exhibit a preventive effect against obesity caused by a high-fat diet (HFD), ameliorated gut microbiota dysbiosis, and improved gut short chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels. The present study employed comprehensive bioinformatics approaches to characterize gut microbial profiles in each experimental group, including: alpha and beta diversity analyses, phylum- and genus-level relative abundance analyses, Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe), and Pearson correlation analysis between gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids. Both grape seeds extract (GSE) and grape peel extract (GPE) reduced the elevated F/B ratio caused by HFD, raised the abundance of probiotics such as , , and , and mitigated the increase of pathogenic bacteria Fusobacteria and Eschericha-Shigella caused by HFD. Moreover, , , , , , , and may be regulated by GSE and GPE to produce SCFAs, alleviating obesity and metabolic disorders. In conclusion, our results suggest that GSE and GPE show remarkable efficacy in ameliorating obesity and modulating gut microbiota in mice, providing evidence to support the utilization of grape pomace as a metabolic regulator.
随着人们饮食和工作模式的发展，肥胖已成为全球面临的日益严重的健康威胁。葡萄渣是葡萄酒生产过程中产生的一种重要副产品，富含多酚。多酚在抗炎、抗氧化和代谢调节应用中显示出有前景的潜力。然而，葡萄渣多酚对减轻肥胖的作用及其潜在机制仍需进一步研究。本研究结果表明，葡萄渣多酚对高脂饮食（HFD）引起的肥胖具有预防作用，改善了肠道微生物群失调，并提高了肠道短链脂肪酸（SCFA）水平。本研究采用综合生物信息学方法来表征每个实验组的肠道微生物谱，包括：α和β多样性分析、门和属水平的相对丰度分析、线性判别分析效应大小（LEfSe）以及肠道微生物群与短链脂肪酸之间的Pearson相关性分析。葡萄籽提取物（GSE）和葡萄皮提取物（GPE）均降低了HFD引起的升高的F/B比值，提高了如、、和等益生菌的丰度，并减轻了HFD引起的病原菌梭杆菌属和埃希氏菌-志贺氏菌属的增加。此外，、、、、、、和可能受GSE和GPE调节以产生SCFAs，从而减轻肥胖和代谢紊乱。总之，我们的结果表明，GSE和GPE在改善小鼠肥胖和调节肠道微生物群方面显示出显著功效，为支持将葡萄渣用作代谢调节剂提供了证据。
