Chen Xuan, Wang Zhanling, Du Wenjun, Zhang Junhao, Liu Yuxin, Hong Liang, Wang Qingao, Zhou Chuifan, Wu Pengfei, Ma Xiangqing, Wang Kai
College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Chinese Fir Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Microorganisms. 2025 Jul 25;13(8):1741. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13081741.
Plant microbiomes are vital for the growth and health of their host. Tree-associated microbiomes are shaped by multiple factors, of which the host is one of the key determinants. Whether different host genotypes affect the structure and diversity of the tissue-associated microbiome and how specific taxa enriched in different tree tissues are not yet well illustrated. Chinese fir () is an important tree species for both economy and ecosystem in the subtropical regions of Asia. In this study, we investigated the tissue-specific fungal community structure and diversity of nine different Chinese fir genotypes (39 years) grown in the same field. With non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis, we revealed the divergence of the fungal community from rhizosphere soil (RS), fine roots (FRs), and thick roots (TRs). Through analysis with α-diversity metrics (Chao1, Shannon, Pielou, ACE, Good's coverage, PD-tree, Simpson, Sob), we confirmed the significant difference of the fungal community in RS, FR, and TR samples. Yet, the overall fungal community difference was not observed among nine genotypes for the same tissues (RS, FR, TR). The most abundant fungal genera were in RS, in FR, and in TR. Functional prediction with FUNGuild analysis suggested that ectomycorrhizal fungi were commonly enriched in rhizosphere soil, while saprotroph-parasite and potentially pathogenic fungi were more abundant in root samples. Specifically, genotype N104 holds less ectomycorrhizal and pathogenic fungi in all tissues (RS, FR, TR) compared to other genotypes. Additionally, significant correlations of several endophytic fungal taxa (, , ) with the growth traits (tree height, diameter, stand volume) were observed. This addresses that the interaction between tree roots and the fungal community is a reflection of tree growth, supporting the "trade-off" hypothesis between growth and defense in forest trees. In summary, we revealed tissue-specific, as well as host genotype-specific and genotype-common characters of the structure and functions of their fungal communities.
植物微生物群对其宿主的生长和健康至关重要。与树木相关的微生物群受多种因素影响，其中宿主是关键决定因素之一。不同宿主基因型是否会影响组织相关微生物群的结构和多样性，以及不同树木组织中富集的特定分类群情况尚未得到充分阐明。杉木（）是亚洲亚热带地区经济和生态方面的重要树种。在本研究中，我们调查了在同一地块生长的9种不同杉木基因型（39年树龄）的组织特异性真菌群落结构和多样性。通过非度量多维尺度分析（NMDS），我们揭示了根际土壤（RS）、细根（FRs）和粗根（TRs）中真菌群落的差异。通过α多样性指标（Chao1、香农、皮洛、ACE、古德覆盖度、系统发育多样性指数、辛普森、索伯）分析，我们证实了RS、FR和TR样本中真菌群落存在显著差异。然而，对于相同组织（RS、FR、TR）的9种基因型，未观察到总体真菌群落差异。RS中最丰富的真菌属是，FR中是，TR中是。利用FUNGuild分析进行功能预测表明，外生菌根真菌在根际土壤中普遍富集，而腐生寄生菌和潜在致病真菌在根样本中更为丰富。具体而言，与其他基因型相比，基因型N104在所有组织（RS、FR、TR）中的外生菌根真菌和致病真菌较少。此外，观察到几种内生真菌分类群（，，）与生长性状（树高、直径、林分蓄积量）之间存在显著相关性。这表明树木根系与真菌群落之间的相互作用反映了树木生长，支持了林木生长与防御之间的“权衡”假说。总之，我们揭示了其真菌群落结构和功能的组织特异性、宿主基因型特异性以及基因型共性特征。
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